Insatisfação corporal de adolescentes atletas e não atletas de ginástica artística

Abstract

-The evaluation of psychological factors can help preventing eating disorders in athletes. This study aimed to verify possible links between body dissatisfaction and media influence, perfectionism, mood and risk behavior for eating disorders and to compare the study variables among artistic gymnastics elite and non-elite athletes and non-athletes. Participants were 413 adolescents of both sexes (elite and non-elite athletes and non-athletes), aged 10-18 years (mean age 12.86 ± 1.80). BSQ, EAT-26, SATAQ-3, MPS and BRUMS were applied to evaluate body dissatisfaction, risk behavior for eating disorders, media influence, perfectionism and mood, respectively. Anthropometric data were collected to estimate body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (%BF). Descriptive statistical, comparative and correlational analyses were held. Only EAT-26 influenced BSQ in the three groups. In non-athletes, BMI, BRUMS and SATAQ-3 added explanation to the model. For non-elite athletes, %BF, media influence and mood were also predictors of body dissatisfaction. Elite athletes had lower BMI and %BF than the others. Non-athletes had lower perfectionism scores while non-elite athletes athletes had lower mood scores. It could be concluded that the risk behavior for eating disorders is the factor most strongly related to body dissatisfaction among elite and non-elite athletes and non-athletes.

Body Image Concern and Eating Disorder Symptoms Among Elite Icelandic Athletes

“…Finally, there were clear correlations between the three questionnaires for the entire sample as well as for men and women separately (Table 4). In this sense, body image dissatisfaction is a strong predictor of bulimia nervosa [4] and is inversely related to disordered eating behaviour [5]. In sum, body image dissatisfaction, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa are related to each other [3].…”

“…The three, anorexia, bulimia nervosa, and body image dissatisfaction interact with each other [3], and body image dissatisfaction has even been described as a strong predictor of anorexia and bulimia nervosa [4]. In particular, if body image dissatisfaction improves, disordered eating behaviour decreases [5].…”

“…In a study of 576 German athletes, 59% of the men reported dissatisfaction with their body [14], and even in contact sports like rugby, 46% of elite players have a poor perception of their body image [15]. While there are differences in body dissatisfaction between athletes and non-athletes, the differences between elite and non-elite athletes are unclear [5], and female artistic gymnasts’ body dissatisfaction can change over a single season [4]. Also, a recent study showed that lean-sport athletes had higher body shape concern scores than those of non-lean sports [16].…”

Eating Disorders in Sport: Comparing Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Athletes and Non-Athletes During Intensive Eating Disorder Treatment

“…Finally, BMI in patients with AN did not differ between groups. Though elite athletes tend to have lower BMI's than non-elite athletes and control groups (Nemati, Rahmani-nia, & Mohebbi, 2018;Neves, Meireles, de Carvalho, Almeida, & Ferreira, 2016), our findings may be explained by the resources available to some athletes. For example, many athletes have access to weight monitoring and meal planning with a sports dietitian, performance decrements observed by a strength and conditioning coach, and/or changes in medical stability identified by a sports medicine physician.…”

Atenção à saúde de adolescentes no Brasil: scoping review

“…• Realização de novas pesquisas que visem a adaptação e a validação de um instrumento avaliativo que seja específico para a população vivendo com HIV (Neves et al, 2016). • Estudos perceptivos sobre o entendimento de familiares e companheiro sobre o tema da gravidez na adolescência (Buendgens & Zampieri, 2012).…”