Insect Population in Rice Ecosystems with Various Types of Irrigation and Local Rice Varieties

Abstract

System of Rice Intensification is a new method of cultivation that has been widely done to improve the efficiency of water use, which can affect pest and predator populations. The research aims to determine the types of pests and natural enemies as predators in various irrigations and local varieties of rice. The study was conducted at the Research Field and Laboratory of Protection of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The research was carried out with a 3x4 Strip Plot Design in a Completely Randomized Block Design with 3 replications. The factor I was the type of irrigation, consisting of 3 types of treatment, namely conventional irrigation, SRI intermittent irrigation for 10 days inundated 5 days dried, and irrigation for 7 days inundated, 3 days dry. Factor II was rice variety, which consists of 4 varieties, namely Rojolele Genjah, Mentik Wangi, Pandan Wangi, and Ciherang. Observation of pests and predators was done once a week for 5 weeks using the Sweeping Net trap. The numbers of pests and predators were analyzed by Generalized Linear Model analysis. The difference in the mean was further tested by the Tukey test. The results showed that the method of irrigation and varieties gave different effects depending on the role of the insect. Types of irrigation do not affect the population of pests, but irrigation affects the predator population. Varieties affect pest populations and predators. Irrigation types and varieties interact in determining pest populations and predators.

Diversity of Insects of Two Rice (Oryza sativa L. 1787) Farms in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

“…Comparatively, these findings are in line with the outcomes of Asghar et al [15], who observed differential species compositions between varying agricultural management practices. The study by Isnawan and Ramadhanti [28] further corroborates these results by reporting a similar pattern of insect species distribution within Nigerian rice ecosystems.…”

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) application in controlling mortality of Spodoptera litura on rice plants (Oryza sativa L.)

“…Pests found on rice plants consist of the order Diptera (Tephritidae), Hemiptera (Cicadellidae and Coreidae), Lepidoptera (Crambidae) [4], and Orthoptera (Acrididae, Gryllidae, and Pyrgomorphidae). Insect pests that attack rice plants are identified based on family abundance [5]. In addition, the insect S. litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [6], or armyworm, is an important pest in rice plants [7].…”

“…The biotic component that controls insect populations of pests in agroecosystems is a natural enemy. Natural enemies of rice wetland agroecosystems include predators, parasitoids, and entomopathogens [5].…”