Insecticidal Activities Against Odontotermes formosanus and Plutella xylostella and Corresponding Constituents of Tung Meal from Vernicia fordii

Abstract

The environmental pollution, pesticide resistance, and other associated problems caused by traditional chemical pesticides with limited modes of action make it urgent to seek alternative environmentally-friendly pesticides from natural products. Tung meal, the byproduct of the detoxified Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) seed, has been commonly used as an agricultural fertilizer and as a pesticide. However, its active insecticidal extracts and ingredients remain elusive. In the present study, the contact toxicities of tung meal extracts against the agricultural and forest pests like O. formosanus and P. xylostella were examined. Our results showed that ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts showed the strongest toxicity against O. formosanus and P. xylostella, respectively. In order to further explore the chemical profiles of the ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts, UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and GC-MS analyses have been performed, and 20 and 29 compounds were identified from EA and PE extracts, respectively. The present study, for the first time, verified the noteworthy insecticidal activities on the aforementioned agricultural and forest pesticides and revealed the potential active parts and chemical composition, which are conducive to further exploiting the potential of tung meal as a natural plant-derived insecticide for biological control of agricultural and forest pests.

Bioactivity of Cajuput Seedling n-Hexane Extract as an Attractant for Subterranean Termite Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

“…Linoleic acid, which can act as a feeding stimulant, is one of the dominant compounds in the cajuput seedling root extract. (Zhang et al, 2021), oviposition repellant (Bober and Rafaeli, 2010). Feeding stimulants (Eriksson et al, 2008) and oviposition attractants (Bober and Rafaeli, 2010) 38.626 Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleat 8.16 Anti-fungal/fungus (Suryadi et al, 2015), Anti-bacterial (Tayade et al, 2013) 21.644 1-Octadecanol (CAS) Stenol 4.36 Anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-larvae (Gnanashree and Sirajudeen, 2018).…”

Insecticidal Activity of Extracts, Fractions, and Pure Molecules of Cissampelos pareira Linnaeus against Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch

“…These compounds are already known for their insecticidal potential. Ethyl oleate and ethyl palmitate were found in the extract of Eupatorium odoratum which act as oviposition repellent [43,44]. Ethyl palmitate is reported to have larvicidal activity [45,46].…”

Bionomic responses of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) to lethal and sublethal concentrations of selected insecticides

“…For instance, it is known that azadirachtin commonly reduces fertility and offspring production in Lepidoptera adults [51]. In contrast, there is limited published research available on the insecticidal potency of ethyl palmitate as a standalone insecticide [53,54]. Ethyl palmitate has been used as a solvent or carrier for other insecticides and biopesticides, and there are a few studies investigating the efficacy of these formulations.…”