Insecticidal Effects of Triterpene Glycosides Extracted From Holothuria atra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) Against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is economically important in many countries. Many biopesticides have been developed and studied to control this pest species; however, few natural products from marine organisms have been studied for their pesticidal efficiency. This study compared the acute contact toxicity of solvent extracted from the viscera of Holothuria atra and isolated triterpene glycoside compounds on third-instar S. litura. Our results showed that crude methanolic extracts were the most toxic to the larvae (LC50 ~ 10.37 mg/ml) compared with other crude extracts and contained the bioactive compound 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (LC50 ~ 6.01 mg/ml). All crude extracts and isolated triterpene glycoside compounds inhibited carboxylesterase activity. The efficiency and effectiveness of H. atra extractions and triterpene glycoside compounds against S. litura indicate their potential use in integrated pest management programs and the overall value of marine species as natural sources of insecticidal compounds.

Chemopreventive and Chemosensitizing Effects of Green Tea: An Evidence-based Review

“…In preliminary screening of 40 indigenous plants, some extracts, particularly of D. viscosa, O. ferruginea, M. longifolia and S. officinalis expressed significant toxicity against H. armigera, while in second bioassay the extracts of S. officinalis, D. viscosa, S. asper and O. ferruginea exhibited maximum mortality of S. litura larvae. These findings are consistent with many previous studies documenting the contact and oral toxicity, anti-feedant, larvicidal and ovicidal effects of different plant extracts and essential oils against lepidopterous pests including H. armigera and S. litura (Kamaraj et al, 2008;Krishna et al, 2008;Sujatha et al, 2010;Tomczyk and Suszko, 2011;Mir, 2015;Chauhan and Mishra, 2016;Chennaiyan et al, 2016;Kaleeswaran et al, 2017;Benelli et al, 2018;Nobsathian et al, 2019).…”

Marine Natural Products: The Important Resource of Biological Insecticide

“…Saksit et al . studied the acute contact toxicity of triterpene glycosides ( 36 – 37 ) from the viscera of Holothuria atra , and LC 50 value of 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid towards Spodoptera litura was reached 6.01 mg/ml [84] . Bio‐tracking revealed the potent larvicidal activity of Holothuria atra extract against 3rd instar wild Aedes larvae, the presence of saponins and glycosides may contribute to its insecticidal activity [85]…”

Phytochemical Analysis and Efficacy Of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis) and Mint (Mentha Spicata) Extracts Against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) on Baby Corn (Zea Mays)

“…Insecticidal effects of glycosides have been reported by several researchers [63][64][65][66][67][68][69].…”