INSECTICIDE SELECTION, RESISTANCE AND ESTERASE KINETICS IN THREE CLONES OF THE GREEN PEACH APHID, Myzus persicae (SULZER)

Abstract

Two schedules of spray programme were tested for protecting wheat spikes from bird attack and reduce damage.In one-spray programme schedule, the protection indices (PI%) were calculated after different post-treatment intervals from pesticide applications. PI% of different application rates of the tested pesticides (pirimicarb, fenitrothion, malathion, flusilazole and diniconazole) indicated that the repellency performance at ripening stages of wheat was differed according to the chemical type and concentration of the repellents. The highest protection performance was exhibited by using the recommended rate of the tested pesticide, where PI% of 63.96, 37.66, 38.05, 41.24 and 42.55 % were obtained with pirimicarb, fenitrothion, malathion, flusilazole and diniconazole, respectively. In the twospray programme schedule, protection performance of wheat spikes from house sparrow attak was also differed according to the chemical structure, rate of application and post-treatment intervals. Significant differences were observed between insecticide and fungicide compounds. The highest protection indices for wheat spikes were 74.33%, 51.53% and 51.06% when treated by pirimicarb, diniconazole and flusilazole, respectively, using the recommended rates for pest control. PI% were 48.09%, 46.68% and 44.68% for fenitrothion, pirimicarb and malathion, respectively, when fenitrothion and malathion were used at the recommended rates. While pirimicarb was used in a rate less than that of recommended for insect pest control. The differences between one and two-spray programme schedules; repellency potential; protection acheivement after different posttreatment intervals and the rates of pesticide application were discussed.