Insight into Malaria Transmission and Control in Endemic Areas

Maikai, B.V.; Umoh, J. U.; Maikai, VA

doi:10.5210/ojphi.v7i1.5954

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The global effort of malaria control is in line with the ‘One World One Health’ concept, but then a globally defined ‘one-size-fits-all’ malaria control strategy would be inefficient in endemic areas [ 22 , 23 ]. Introduction of MCS did aid in local modification of strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digitized smart surveillance and micromanagement using information technology for malaria elimination in Mangaluru, India: an analysis of five-year post-digitization data

Baliga

Jain

et al. 2021

Malar J

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Background Malaria control system (MCS), an Information technology (IT)-driven surveillance and monitoring intervention is being adopted for elimination of malaria in Mangaluru city, Karnataka, India since October 2015. This has facilitated ‘smart surveillance’ followed by required field response within a timeline. The system facilitated data collection of individual case, data driven mapping and strategies for malaria elimination programme. This paper aims to present the analysis of post-digitization data of 5 years, discuss the current operational functionalities of MCS and its impact on the malaria incidence. Methods IT system developed for robust malaria surveillance and field response is being continued in the sixth year. Protocol for surveillance control was followed as per the national programme guidelines mentioned in an earlier publication. Secondary data from the malaria control system was collated and analysed. Incidence of malaria, active surveillance, malariogenic conditions and its management, malariometric indices, shrinking malaria maps were also analysed. Results Smart surveillance and subsequent response for control was sustained and performance improved in five years with participation of all stakeholders. Overall malaria incidence significantly reduced by 83% at the end of 5 years when compared with year of digitization (DY) (p < 0.001). Early reporting of new cases (within 48 h) was near total followed by complete treatment and vector control. Slide positivity rate (SPR) decreased from 10.36 (DY) to 6.5 (PDY 5). Annual parasite incidence (API) decreased from 16.17 (DY) to 2.64 (PDY 5). There was a negative correlation between contact smears and incidence of malaria. Five-year data analyses indicated declining trends in overall malaria incidence and correlation between closures by 14 days. The best impact on reduction in incidence of malaria was recorded in the pre-monsoon months (~ 85%) compared to lower impact in July–August months (~ 40%). Conclusion MCS helped to micromanage control activities, such as robust reporting, incidence-centric active surveillance, early and complete treatment, documentation of full treatment of each malaria patient, targeted mosquito control measures in houses surrounding reported cases. The learnings and analytical output from the data helped to modify strategies for control of both disease and the vector, heralding the city into the elimination stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digitized smart surveillance and micromanagement using information technology for malaria elimination in Mangaluru, India: an analysis of five-year post-digitization data

Baliga

Jain

et al. 2021

Malar J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Global effort of malaria control is in line with the 'One World One health' concept, but then a globally de ned 'one-size-ts-all' malaria control strategy would be ine cient in endemic areas [22,23]. Digitization did aid in local modi cation of strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Surveillance and Micromanagement Using Information Technology for Malaria Elimination in Mangaluru, India – an Analysis of Five Years Data

Baliga

Jain

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundMalaria control system (MCS), an Information technology (IT)-driven surveillance and monitoring intervention is being adopted for elimination of malaria in Mangaluru city, Karnataka, India since October 2015. This facilitated ‘smart surveillance’ followed by required field response within a timeline. The system facilitated data collection of individual case and data driven mapping and strategies for malaria elimination programme. This paper aims to present the analysis of post-digitization data of 5 years, discuss the current operational functionalities of MCS and its impact on the malaria incidence.MethodsIT system developed for robust malaria surveillance and field response is being continued in the 6th year. Protocol for surveillance control was followed as per the national programme guidilines mentioned earlier. Secondary data from the malaria control system is collated and analysed. Incidence of malaria, active surveillance, malariogenic conditions and its management, malariometric indices, shrinking malaria map were also analysed.ResultsSmart surveillance and subsequent response for control was sustained and performance improved in five years with participation of all stakeholders. Overall malaria incidence significantly reduced by 83% at the end of 5 years when compared with year of digitizarion (DY) (p<0.001). Early reporting of new cases (within 48 hrs) was near total followed by complete treatment and vector control. Slide positivity rate (SPR) decreased from 10.36 (DY) to 6.5 (PDY 5). Annual parasite incidence (API) decreased from 16.17 (DY) to 2.64 (PDY 5). There was a negative correlation between contact smears and incidence of malaria. Five-year data analyses indicated declining trends in overall malaria incidence and correlation between closure by 14 days. The best impact on reduction in incidence of malaria was recorded in pre-monsoon months (~85%) compared to lower impact in July-August months (~40%). ConclusionIT System helped to micromanage control activities such as robust reporting, incidence-centric active surveillance, early and complete treatment, documentation of full treatment of each malaria patient, targeted mosquito control measures in houses surrounding reported cases. The learnings and analytical output from the data helped to modify strategies for control of both disease and the vector, heralding the city into the elimination stage.

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Insight into Malaria Transmission and Control in Endemic Areas

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Digitized smart surveillance and micromanagement using information technology for malaria elimination in Mangaluru, India: an analysis of five-year post-digitization data

Digitized smart surveillance and micromanagement using information technology for malaria elimination in Mangaluru, India: an analysis of five-year post-digitization data

Smart Surveillance and Micromanagement Using Information Technology for Malaria Elimination in Mangaluru, India – an Analysis of Five Years Data

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