Insight into the Potential Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Scrolled Kaolinite Single Sheet (KNs) and Its Composite with ZnO Nanoparticles: Synergetic Studies

Abstract

The kaolinite sheets were scrolled by sonication-induced chemical delamination processes into well-developed nanotubes (KNs) which were used as substrates for microwave-based ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO/KNs). The biological activities of synthetic ZnO/KNs structures, in terms of the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, were assessed in comparative studies with the separated phases of the synthetic ZnO and KNs as well as the commercially used ZnO. The KNs substrate resulted in a notable enhancement in the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of ZnO, which was assigned positive influence on the surface area, interactive interfaces, charge separation, and agglomeration properties of ZnO in addition to the detectable bioactive properties of the KNs structure. The ZnO/KNs structure achieved remarkable scavenging efficiencies for 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) (89.8 ± 1.57%), nitric oxide (90.6 ± 1.63%), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) (86.8 ± 1.28%), and superoxide (43.9 ± 1.72%) radicals. Additionally, it shows high inhibition effects on porcine α-amylase (84.3 ± 1.92%), crude α-amylase (70.6 ± 1.37%), pancreatic α-Glucosidase (94.7 ± 1.54%), crude α-Glucosidase (95.4 ± 1.64%), and amyloglucosidase (95.3 ± 1.32%) enzymes. This antidiabetic activity is significantly higher than the activity of miglitol and close to or slightly higher than acarbose, which leads us to recommend the use of ZnO/KNs when considering the cost and side effects of the commercially used drugs.

Romanian Wild-Growing Armoracia rusticana L.—Untargeted Low-Molecular Metabolomic Approach to a Potential Antitumoral Phyto-Carrier System Based on Kaolinite

“…For the new phyto-carrier system, the IC50 value was about half that of the horseradish sample. The increase in the antioxidant activity of the phyto-carrier system compared to the horseradish and kaolinite was in good agreement with the literature data [ 116 , 117 ]. The IC50 value for the beta-carotene standard can be explained by the experimental conditions (the low solubility of beta carotene in methanol) [ 118 ].…”