“…Small heterocyclic molecules are key building blocks of biomolecules in nature. For example, three kinds of the five natural DNA/RNA nucleobases, cytosine, thymine, and uracil, are pyrimidine-based organic molecules, the photochemistry of which has been widely studied over the past few decades. − The excited-state dynamics of prototypical heterocyclic molecules is potentially important for understanding the photoinduced biochemical processes in the earliest stages of prebiotic chemistry. , In recent years, we have investigated the ultrafast decay dynamics of a series of aromatic heterocyclic molecules containing the nitrogen (N) heteroatom, such as the substituted derivatives of pyrrole − and pyridine, − following excitations in the near-ultraviolet (UV) region of their respective electronic absorption spectra. The radiation-less relaxation dynamics of the low-lying electronic excited states of these isolated molecules and the substitution effects on the excited-state dynamics are better understood.…”