Insights on Proteomics-Driven Body Fluid-Based Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the top malignancies in women around the globe, which still holds its place despite being preventable at early stages. Gynecological conditions, even maladies like cervical cancer, still experience scrutiny from society owing to prevalent taboo and invasive screening methods, especially in developing economies. Additionally, current diagnoses lack specificity and sensitivity, which prolong diagnosis until it is too late. Advances in omics-based technologies aid in discovering differential multi-omics profiles between healthy individuals and cancer patients, which could be utilized for the discovery of body fluid-based biomarkers. Body fluids are a promising potential alternative for early disease detection and counteracting the problems of invasiveness while also serving as a pool of potential biomarkers. In this review, we will provide details of the body fluids-based biomarkers that have been reported in cervical cancer. Here, we have presented our perspective on proteomics for global biomarker discovery by addressing several pertinent problems, including the challenges that are confronted in cervical cancer. Further, we also used bioinformatic methods to undertake a meta-analysis of significantly up-regulated biomolecular profiles in CVF from cervical cancer patients. Our analysis deciphered alterations in the biological pathways in CVF such as immune response, glycolytic processes, regulation of cell death, regulation of structural size, protein polymerization disease, and other pathways that can cumulatively contribute to cervical cancer malignancy. We believe, more extensive research on such biomarkers, will speed up the road to early identification and prevention of cervical cancer in the near future.

Unveiling diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cervical cancer: biomarker discovery through proteomics approaches and exploring the role of cervical cancer stem cells

“…Plasma and serum from blood are commonly used for biomarker discovery in cervical cancer ( 35 ). These easily accessible and minimally invasive biological fluids contain important proteins.…”

Proteomics analysis techniques and Bioinformatics approaches for biomarkers discovery

“…Blood plasma is one of the most useful biological fluids for protein biomarker discovery as well as clinical investigations for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes due to its abundant protein concentration (Mukherjee et al, 2022;Kumar et al, 2020). The major methods employed in plasma proteome-based workflow include separation by 2D-DIGE, MALDI-Q TOF MS/MS analysis (by labelfree or label-based quantitation or targeted proteomics), biomarker validation by ELISA, and statistical analysis (Kumar et al, 2020;Martínez-Rodríguez et al, 2021).…”