Insulin release is glucose anomeric specific in the human.

Abstract

A B S T R A C T The a-glucose anomer produces a greater insulin release than /3-glucose in various animal models. These glucose anomers were dissolved rapidly and administered intravenously to human volunteers at a high dose (0.5 g/kg) over a 3-min period or a low dose (3.5 g) over a 20-s period.Blood samples were obtained at frequent time intervals for measurement of whole blood glucose (ferricyanide), plasma glucose (/3-glucose oxidase), and serum immunoreactive insulin.The high-dose infusion test showed no differences between the anomers of either blood glucose or serum insulin levels. However, at the lower dose, the a-glucose anomer stimulated a significantly greater insulin release than did /-glucose.It is concluded that the a-glucose anomer stimulates a greater insulin release than the /3-glucose anomer in human subjects at low but not at high doses intravenously and that this response is not apparently related to approximations of the degree of mutarotation. These results suggest that a steric specific glucose receptor site

Does Glycogen Accumulation in Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells Play a Minor or Major Role in the Physiology and Pathology of the Insulin Secretory Response to Glucose?

“…In 15 healthy volunteers with no family history of diabetes, the paired α/β ratio for the plasma insulin concentration (expressed relative to paired basal value) averaged, in fair agreement with a prior study [10], 1.61 ± 0.31 (P < 0.05 versus unity), 1.30 ± 0.13 and 1.16 ± 0.09 (n = 15 in all cases) 2, 4 and 6 min after injection of either 3.5 or 5.0 g of each anomer. Out of 13 non-insulin-dependent subjects, selected on the basis of mild fasting hyperglycemia, eight patients failed to display a sufficient increase in plasma insulin concentration to allow any comparison between the response to α-and β-D-glucose.…”

Improvement of spatial learning and memory, cortical gyrification patterns and brain oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats treated with Ficus deltoidea leaf extract and vitexin

“…Reportedly, carbohydrate structure is one of the important factors determining the insulin concentrations. 124 Earlier work done by Rossini and Soeldner 125 shown that the α-glucose anomer produces a greater insulin release than β-glucose in various animal models. Interestingly, these results were paralleled by a decrease in brain insulin content, suggesting FT-IR as vibration spectroscopic method that sensitive to the anomeric structure.…”

Effects of .ALPHA.-D-mannose and equilibrated D-mannose on insulin release.

“…, as well as in vivo (Rossini et al, 1974 ;Rossini and Soeldner, 1976). Since the uptake (Idahl et al, 1975;Miwa et al, 1975), phosphorylation or further metabolism (Idahl et al, 1975 and of …”