Intakes and Outfalls for Seawater Reverse-Osmosis Desalination Facilities

Missimer, Thomas M.; Jones, Burton H.; Maliva, Robert G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13203-7

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 198 publications

(276 reference statements)

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“…The statistical test indicated that the differences in total abundance between the stations were significant only at Hadera (two-way ANOVA: F (1,16) = 21.998, p<0.001; S1 Fig). However, at the Ashkelon and Sorek sites, the interaction between season and station was significant (two-way ANOVA: at Ashkelon: F (6,16) = 9.75, p<0.001; and Sorek: F (6,16) = 5.84, p = 0.002; Fig 3). The PCA test was applied to the environmental parameters to detect variances between areas and to classify their influence on the differences among the different stations.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The temperature presented clear seasonal changes, varying between 35.5˚C in summer and 20.3˚C in winter in the outfall, where the temperature was 7.4˚C higher than at the control station ( Fig 2 and Table 2). The salinity was different between the outfall and the control stations [F (1,6) = 14.95, p = 0.008 in one-way ANOVA for salinity difference between outfall and control] ( Table C in S2 Tables).…”

Section: Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These facilities are located in Ashkelon (initial operation year: 2005), Palmahim (2007), Hadera (2009), Sorek (2013), and Ashdod (2015) and currently produce~587 million m 3 y -1 of freshwater [4] (Fig 1). Discharge of the brine effluent to the coastal environment is achieved either by direct surface release along the coastline, as is the case at Hadera and Ashkelon, or through a diffuser system away from the shore, as is the case at Sorek [5,6]. To maximize dilution, the brine is usually mixed with cooling water from adjacent power plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To maximize dilution, the brine is usually mixed with cooling water from adjacent power plants. The result is a warm (~25% over ambient temperature) saline (up to 10% over ambient salinity) floating brine plume that can be found up to a few kilometers away from the discharge site [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of long-term brine discharge from desalination plants on benthic foraminifera

2020

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Desalination plants along the Mediterranean Israeli coastline currently provide~587 million m 3 drinking water/year, and their production is planned to increase gradually. Production of drinking water is accompanied by a nearly equivalent volume of brine discharge with a salinity of~80 that is twice the normal, which can potentially impact marine ecosystems. The goal of this study was to examine whether benthic foraminifera, a known sensitive marine bio-indicator, are affected by this brine-discharge. For that, we investigated the seasonal and cumulative effect of brine discharges of three operating desalination facilities along the Israeli coast. Those facilities are located in Ashkelon, Hadera, and Sorek. The brine-discharge in the first two desalination plants is associated with thermal pollution, while the Sorek facility entails increased salinity but no thermal pollution. In four seasonal cruises during one year, we collected surface sediment samples in triplicates by grabs from the outfall (near the discharge site), and from a non-impacted control station adjacent to each study site. Our results highlight that the most robust responses were observed at two out of three desalination shallow sites (Ashkelon and Hadera), where the brine was discharged directly from a coastal outfall and was accompanied with thermal pollution from the nearby power plants. The total foraminiferal abundance and diversity were, generally, lower near the outfalls, and increased towards the control stations. Moreover, changes in the relative abundances of selected species indicate their sensitivity to the brine discharge. The most noticeable response to exclusively elevated salinity was detected at Sorek discharge site, where we observed a sharp decline in organic-cemented agglutinated benthic foraminifera, suggesting that these are particularly sensitive to elevated salinity. The herein study contribute new insights into the effect of brine discharge from desalination plants, on benthic foraminifera, and propose a scientifically-based ecological monitoring tool that can help stakeholders.

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of long-term brine discharge from desalination plants on benthic foraminifera

2020

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“…The concentrate of RO plants with a higher density than seawater will spread over the seafloor in shallow coastal waters unless a diffuser system dissipates it. Benthic communities, such as seagrass beds, may thus be affected by high salinity and chemical residues (Missimer et al 2015). To estimate the extent of short-term environmental impacts on the Konarak RO desalination site, biological species near the brine canal are monitored.…”

Section: Environmental Aspect and The Typology Of Indicator Organisms Near The Brine Discharge Canalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay: a case study

et al. 2021

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This research aims to study the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay, their relation on coastal environment, and type of its brine discharge. Due to the shallow water depth of the coast and type of brine discharge, evaluating the salinity and pH was done with a sampling of surface seawater. The type of brine disposal is a direct surface discharge of negatively buoyant flow in the coastal environment of Chabahar bay. The brine discharge mechanism is a shore-attached surface jet, which is most likely influenced by the cross-flow deflection, dynamic shoreline interaction, and more minor by bottom attachment factors. The laboratory simulations using actual brine and seawater and either satellite pictures support the finding dilution pattern. The zone of initial dilution is under 50 m which, in the long run, can affect the quality of water of intake seawater pool of the plant.

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Reverse Osmosis Desalination: Performance And Challenges

Farooque

2020

Corrosion and Fouling Control in Desalination Industry

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Intakes and Outfalls for Seawater Reverse-Osmosis Desalination Facilities

Abstract: More information about this series at

Cited by 29 publications

References 198 publications

The effect of long-term brine discharge from desalination plants on benthic foraminifera

The effect of long-term brine discharge from desalination plants on benthic foraminifera

Study of the salinity and pH dilution pattern of discharged brine of the Konarak desalination plant into the Chabahar bay: a case study

Reverse Osmosis Desalination: Performance And Challenges

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