Integer and Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Control Schemes in Wind Energy Conversion Systems: Comprehensive Review, Comparison, and Technical Insight

Sami, Irfan; Ullah, Shafaat; Khan, Laiq; Al‐Durra, Ahmed; Ro, Jong‐Suk

doi:10.3390/fractalfract6080447

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(265 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, FOPI control systems are more robust and can handle system fluctuations better than integer-order systems [12]. Additionally, the greater accuracy of FOPI control makes it an attractive option in reducing carbon emissions and increasing energy efficiency [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced modeling and control of wind conversion systems based on hybrid generators using fractional order controllers

Mseddi,

Wali,

Abid

et al. 2024

Asian Journal of Control

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The focus of this study is on modeling and management of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on a Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Generator (HESG). Using a wind simulator, two controllers, CRONE and H∞, are evaluated for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and optimal rotation speed. The results show the CRONE controller's higher tracking capability, and robustness tests investigate the influence of parametric uncertainty. Space harmonic effects, commutation effects, and turbine shaft flexibility are all addressed in the sophisticated models. The introduction of Fractional Order Proportional‐Integral (FOPI) control for MPPT is a game changer. Although fractional calculus‐based accuracy and robustness are uncommon in WECS, they show promise for emissions reduction and increased energy efficiency. This work validates a dependable control approach inside an isolated HESG‐based WECS's power‐maximizing range. Extensive investigation of the parameters impacting FOPI control efficiency yields useful insights for effective MPPT control. A variable‐speed wind turbine (WT) is linked to a HESG through a multiplier, with a controller controlling generator coil excitation voltages and a rectifier connecting the WECS to a load. A thorough 3 kW HESG electrical model that includes generator space harmonics and converter commutation effects is among the contributions. For HESG‐based WECS stability, frequency analysis finds important resonant and anti‐resonant frequencies. These issues are addressed by a FOPI control technique, which ensures system stability and performance. The necessity of exact frequency analysis in HESG‐based WECS is highlighted by a step‐by‐step controller parameter tuning approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced modeling and control of wind conversion systems based on hybrid generators using fractional order controllers

Mseddi,

Wali,

Abid

et al. 2024

Asian Journal of Control

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“…Various advancements have been made for SMC, such as terminal SMC (TSMC), nonsingular TSMC, fast TSMC, integral TSMC, and fast nonsingular TSMC [17][18][19][20]. Furthermore, fractional-order (Fo) control has been incorporated with SMC to improve the performance of the controller [21][22][23]. Fractional-order control, which has been in use for the last three centuries and is concerned with derivatives and integrals of a non-integer order, was recently rediscovered by scientists and engineers and is being put to use in a variety of different fields [24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Control Design for Euler–Lagrange Systems Using Fixed-Time Fractional Integral Sliding Mode Scheme

Ahmed,

Azar,

Tounsi

et al. 2023

Fractal Fract

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This paper presents an adaptive fixed-time fractional integral control for externally disturbed Euler–Lagrange systems. In the first step of the control design, the approach of fractional-order fixed-time integral nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (FoIFxTSM) is introduced. This scheme combines the benefits of fractional calculus with integral sliding mode control, resulting in fast convergence, smooth nonsingular control inputs, and fixed-time stability. By integrating an adaptive scheme, the proposed method is used to control the dynamical system in the presence of uncertainty and external perturbations. The findings of the fixed-time stability using Lyapunov analyses are provided for the closed-loop system. The simulation results are compared with the adaptive fractional-order sliding mode control scheme, and they show the better tracking and convergence performance of the proposed method.

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“…In the energy generation sector, renewable energy sources (RESs) have dominated the recent installation shares. Specifically, photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy sources are the most commonly used in modern electrical power grids [3]. In addition, the increased use of electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector helps to combat climate change and utilize clean energy sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Optimization of Improved Fractional-Order Cascaded Frequency Controllers for Electric Vehicles and Electrical Power Grids Utilizing Renewable Energy Sources

et al. 2023

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Recent developments in electrical power grids have witnessed high utilization levels of renewable energy sources (RESs) and increased trends that benefit the batteries of electric vehicles (EVs). However, modern electrical power grids cause increased concerns due to their continuously reduced inertia resulting from RES characteristics. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved fractional-order frequency controller with a design optimization methodology. The proposed controller is represented by two cascaded control loops using the one-plus-proportional derivative (1 + PD) in the outer loop and a fractional-order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) in the inner loop, which form the proposed improved 1 + PD/FOPID. The main superior performance characteristics of the proposed 1 + PD/FOPID fractional-order frequency controller over existing methods include a faster response time with minimized overshoot/undershoot peaks, an ability for mitigating both high- and low-frequency disturbances, and coordination of EV participation in regulating electrical power grid frequency. Moreover, simultaneous determination of the proposed fractional-order frequency controller parameters is proposed using the recent manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO) algorithm. Performance comparisons of the proposed 1 + PD/FOPID fractional-order frequency controller with existing PID, FOPID, and PD/FOPID controllers are presented in the paper. The results show an improved response, and the disturbance mitigation is also obtained using the proposed MRFO-based 1 + PD/FOPID control and design optimization methodology.

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Integer and Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Control Schemes in Wind Energy Conversion Systems: Comprehensive Review, Comparison, and Technical Insight

Cited by 11 publications

References 214 publications

Advanced modeling and control of wind conversion systems based on hybrid generators using fractional order controllers

Advanced modeling and control of wind conversion systems based on hybrid generators using fractional order controllers

Adaptive Control Design for Euler–Lagrange Systems Using Fixed-Time Fractional Integral Sliding Mode Scheme

Design Optimization of Improved Fractional-Order Cascaded Frequency Controllers for Electric Vehicles and Electrical Power Grids Utilizing Renewable Energy Sources

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