Integrated analysis of gene correlation reveals disordered relationship between metabolism and immunity in tumor microenvironment

Abstract

immune checkpoints 32 4 Background 33 Recently, inflammation and immune evasion are considered as hallmarks 34 of cancer progression, highlighting the direct involvement of immune 35 cells [1, 2] . The study on immunology has made great progress in cancer 36 treatment, and the role of immune cells in cancer progression is 37 well-recognized [3, 4] . Cancer immunotherapy has subverted the traditional 38 concept of treatment, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer 39 vaccines and chimeric antigen receptor redirected T (CAR-T) cell 40 therapy [5][6][7][8] . 41 The research progresses on cancer has indicated that metabolic 42 reprogramming is another hallmark of cancer [9] . Cells that are common to 43 many cancers that do not produce enough energy due to lack of oxygen, 44 carbohydrate or protein use altered metabolic pathways to ensure their 45 survival. Thus, malignant cells acquire the molecular materials and 46 energy necessary to sustain proliferation through unusual metabolic 47 157 metabolism-immune pairs in HC is several to hundreds of times as many 158 as that in tumors, except THCA. In THCA case, HC and tumor had the 159