Integrated Community Onsite Sanitation System for Close Loop Faecal Management

Abstract

The achievement of safe sanitation access is about 7.42 % in 2018, that indicates high risk of faecal contamination from unmanaged onsite sanitation system and has not been fully supported by faecal sludge service. This paper described the study of characteristic of onsite sanitation and faecal sludge for review potential of integrating of sludge handling with improved communal wastewater treatment. Faecal sludge quality were observed from pit latrines and communal septic tank, then analysis method apply cluster analysis and through close loop approach consider treatment and disposal for resource recovery. The pilot model of combined treatment of wastewater and faecal sludge was developed by anaerobic digester with a maximum 5% sludge loading, then further treatment by biofilter system and sludge drying bed. The quality of treated water can meet COD and nitrogen as effluent standard, biosolid reached a stabilization index of 40 - 60%, water content of 50-60% and less Coliform bacteria content. The characteristics of faecal sludge strength to be handled will be influenced bytechnical aspect or environment. The integrated system could be applied to manage wastewater and faecal sludge and its by products, mainly for rural area has not been catered by faecal sludge service.

Assessment of Shallow Groundwater Purification Processes after the Construction of a Municipal Sewerage Network

“…In parallel with the construction of the drinking water network, the sewerage network and wastewater treatment plants were not established in many countries around the world, therefore municipal wastewater from households is stored in various installations without insulation in the yard of households (cesspits, soakaways, septic tanks) became a widespread practice [1][2][3][4][5]. Wastewater flowing out of these point sources resulted in a sharp degradation of the groundwater supply in the municipalities [6][7][8][9].…”