Integrated Metabolomics and Proteomics Dynamics of Serum Samples Reveals Dietary Zeolite Clinoptilolite Supplementation Restores Energy Balance in High Yielding Dairy Cows

Abstract

Dairy cows can suffer from a negative energy balance (NEB) during their transition from the dry period to early lactation, which can increase the risk of postpartum diseases such as clinical ketosis, mastitis, and fatty liver. Zeolite clinoptilolite (CPL), due to its ion-exchange property, has often been used to treat NEB in animals. However, limited information is available on the dynamics of global metabolomics and proteomic profiles in serum that could provide a better understanding of the associated altered biological pathways in response to CPL. Thus, in the present study, a total 64 serum samples were collected from 8 control and 8 CPL-treated cows at different time points in the prepartum and postpartum stages. Labelled proteomics and untargeted metabolomics resulted in identification of 64 and 21 differentially expressed proteins and metabolites, respectively, which appear to play key roles in restoring energy balance (EB) after CPL supplementation. Joint pathway and interaction analysis revealed cross-talks among valproic acid, leucic acid, glycerol, fibronectin, and kinninogen-1, which could be responsible for restoring NEB. By using a global proteomics and metabolomics strategy, the present study concluded that CPL supplementation could lower NEB in just a few weeks, and explained the possible underlying pathways employed by CPL.

The effect of oral administration of zeolite on the energy metabolism and reproductive health of Romanian spotted breed in advanced gestation and post partum period

“…From a technical standpoint, the mathematical difference indicates an improvement in the prevalence of ketosis development, which subsequently has implications on the reproductive health. Similar results were obtained by Maity et al. (2021) and Masoumi Pour et al.…”

“…Reversible ion exchange and adsorption capacity, related to the elimination of toxic agents, can be used to restore homeostasis and energy balance within an animal's body; for example, by eliminating the excessive production of ammonia and other gaseous products in rumen, including CO2 and H2S, which are due to unbalanced digestion or various pathologies ( Maity et al., 2021 ; Mastinu et al., 2019 ; Pavelić et al., 2018 ).…”

Alternatives to Antimicrobial Treatment in Bovine Mastitis Therapy: A Review

“…Zeolites are natural, microporous, three-dimensional crystalline materials with well-defined channels and cavities and various technological applications in veterinary medicine [ 176 , 177 ]. Moreover, a widely used zeolite is known as clinoptilolite, which has been proven as safe for veterinary use [ 178 ], acting as an antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-diarrheic, and growth-promoting agent [ 165 , 166 , 178 , 179 ]. Đuričić et al [ 165 ], studying dietary vibroactivated and micronised clinoptilolite, found out its effect on reducing the incidence of intramammary infections, while Ural [ 180 ] reported the efficacy of supplementation with 3% clinoptilolite in dairy cows in terms of milk yield and somatic cell count.…”

La suplementación de clinoptilolita en la dieta basal reduce las células somáticas de vacas lecheras multíparas durante el periodo de transición

“…Literatura Citada ecosistema ruminal, aumentando la producción de propionato en el rumen y la digestión post-ruminal del almidón, permitiendo mejorar el estado energético de los animales, disminuyendo los efectos adversos de la cetosis subclínica, y del estrés metabólico y oxidativo (Karatzia et al, 2013;Maity et al, 2021). Los efectos de la CLP, mencionados anteriormente, pueden haber fortalecido el sistema inmune de las vacas y explicaría la reducción del RCS, lo cual reduce el riesgo de contraer enfermedades intramamarias (Đuričić et al, 2017; Đuričić et al, 2020).…”