Integrated nonlinear structural simulation of composite buildings in fire

Orabi, Mhd Anwar; Khan, Aatif Ali; Jiang, Liming; Yarlagadda, Tejeswar; Torero, José L.; Usmani, Asif

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113593

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A fire in a building can be a phenomenon that causes human losses by damaging the wall or as a potential path for the spread of fire to compartments above or to an adjacent building [70]. In addition to the risk to life that these fires present, the risk of structural collapse also increases due to the structural system's severe and complex thermomechanical response [71]. With this regard, fire-retardant strategies have been used to improve the fire performance of building materials used in structures and envelopes [72].…”

Section: Ranking Of Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Hierarchical Process as a Multicriteria Decision Tool in Material Selection for Prefabricated Wood Buildings

Cabral,

Blanchet

2023

Buildings

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The popularity of prefabricated wooden buildings is increasing in North America, but choosing suitable materials for these structures can be complicated. This can lead to problems like financial losses, production delays, and lower quality. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision-making tool to rank the criteria for material selection for prefabricated wood buildings in Canada and the United States. The methodology involved surveys experts in the prefabricated wood construction industry from Canada and the United States. The data obtained from the questionnaires utilized for the AHP analysis were modeled using R programming language. The results revealed that for structural materials, the top five subcriteria were safety and security of building occupants (0.234), location, shape, and height of the building (0.218), comfort, satisfaction, and well-being of the building (0.155), occupant health (0.121), and availability of materials (0.098). For selecting envelope materials, the top five subcriteria were comfort, satisfaction, and well-being of the building (0.252), safety and security of building occupants (0.206), location, shape, and height of the building (0.178), occupant health (0.132), and availability of materials (0.078).

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Section: Ranking Of Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Hierarchical Process as a Multicriteria Decision Tool in Material Selection for Prefabricated Wood Buildings

Cabral,

Blanchet

2023

Buildings

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“…It has also been used as the heat transfer and structural analysis solution engine of the Integrated Simulation Environment (ISE). The ISE is a recent open-source software framework for efficient model building and analysis of large structures in fire discussed in great detail in [40]. The ISE is centred around the GiD pre and post processor, and offers a myriad of key functionalities for structural fire analysis atop the original GiD+OpenSees interface [41][42][43].…”

Section: Modelling Considerations and Simplifying Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature-dependent mechanical and thermal properties are based on the provisions of the Eurocodes such as the EN1993 and EN1992 [50,51]. Details of the implementation of the mechanical models are presented in depth in [33,36,40] while the details of the thermal material models are discussed in [35,52]. The details of the heat transfer analysis undertaken within the ISE are the same as that presented in [40].…”

Section: Modelling Considerations and Simplifying Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the implementation of the mechanical models are presented in depth in [33,36,40] while the details of the thermal material models are discussed in [35,52]. The details of the heat transfer analysis undertaken within the ISE are the same as that presented in [40]. The SFRM applied to WTC7 was Monokote MK-5 [53].…”

Section: Modelling Considerations and Simplifying Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The figure includes both the test data from NIST and the linearised expressions implemented in OpenSees and used for heat transfer analysis. Heat transfer analysis in the ISE is performed using predefined section abstractions utilising a mesh with element size of no more than 15 mm and at least four elements across the width of the steel section [40].…”

Section: Modelling Considerations and Simplifying Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Collapse of World Trade Center 7: Revisited

et al. 2022

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The catastrophic events of September 11, 2001, stand out as a major motivation for research on improving the understanding of structural behaviour in fire. These events included the first complete collapse of a tall steel framed structure solely due to fire. World Trade Center 7 (WTC7) was a 47storey office building within the WTC complex that collapsed due to a fire initiated by debris from the collapse of WTC1. In the following years, detailed investigations were carried out by expert teams to pinpoint the cause of the progressive failure of WTC7. Each of the expert teams analysed the fire and structure and made varying conclusions with regards to the mechanisms responsible for initiating and propagating the collapse of the building. This paper revisits the collapse of WTC7 and its investigation, and then explores the hypothesis that a potential hydrocarbon fire may have compromised the large transfer structure within the mechanical space of the building. This is done via two OpenSees finite element models. The first model explores the thermomechanical response of the mechanical floors to a potential diesel fire, and the second investigates the response of the structure to a failure caused by that fire. The outcome of the analyses shows that it is feasible that a mechanical room fire could lead to a failure in the transfer structure, which would then result in the loss of support to at least two columns within the building core. The failure of these columns may unbrace the eastern-most core columns and precipitate in the failure of the structure as observed on 9/11.

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