Integrated sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave band antenna array modules for 5G smartphone applications

Shamoon, Shahana; Zhou, Wu Yang; Shahzad, Farrukh; Ali, Waqas; Subbyal, Hafiz

doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154542

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…3 The maximum mutual coupling between both the PIFAs was found to be -15.1 dB at 3.8 GHz, while -35.7 dB was found at the 5.4 GHz band. Moreover, the mutual coupling of the integrated antenna proposed here remained notably lower compared to several 5G antennas functioning in sub-6 GHz bands [1], [12], [31]- [33], and this was achieved without using decoupling structures and external circuits.…”

Section: Methodology a Proposed Mimo Configuration Designmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Furthermore, the prototype of the proposed integrated antennas is measured for the s-parameters in free space, and a significant resemblance with simulation results was observed. Regardless of the shared ground plane, the proposed PIFA had prominent isolation in the sub-6 GHz frequencies compared to recent studies on 5G antennas for a smartphone application [1], [12], [15], [31]- [33].…”

Section: Scattering Parametersmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Dual-Band MIMO Prototype in the Sub-6 GHz Integrated With mm-Wave Arrays: Ensuring Beamforming and Safety Measures

Kazmi,

Zada,

Islam

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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In response to the increasing demands for 4G LTE and 5G smartphone applications, this study presents a compact and integrated prototype designed to cover sub-6 GHz and 5G mmwave bands with high-frequency ratios. The proposed integrated design incorporates two multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) configurations: a 2 × 2 dual-band planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) MIMO for sub-6 GHz and an array of eight elements for mm-wave. Proximity placement (2.5 mm separation) of mm-wave elements on smartphone RIM achieves compact array size with optimal beamforming, coverage, and interference prevention. Utilizing a meandered patch and truncated ground, the proposed PIFA achieves a size of 37 mm × 7 mm × 0.508 mm with a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. Effective operation is demonstrated in sub-6 GHz bands (5G at 3.8 GHz, LTE band-46 at 5.4 GHz), complying with safety standards (specific absorption rate and power density) set by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. Efficient performance extends to the 5G mm-wave band at 28 GHz, making it a promising choice for modern smartphone applications.

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Section: Methodology a Proposed Mimo Configuration Designmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Scattering Parametersmentioning

confidence: 85%

Dual-Band MIMO Prototype in the Sub-6 GHz Integrated With mm-Wave Arrays: Ensuring Beamforming and Safety Measures

Kazmi,

Zada,

Islam

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…1) Iniciación: esta fase incluye la creación de la visión del proyecto; el Scrum Máster y las partes interesadas se formalizan. El Equipo Scrum (ES) con diversas habilidades y competencias (Shamoon et al, 2023), también se introduce y se entrena, y las historias de usuario se crean priorizando el backlog del producto. Además, se realiza una planificación general de cada componente Scrum (Udanor et al, 2016); 2).…”

Section: Método Y Materialesunclassified

Agente inteligente para la gestión de incidencias

Iparraguirre-Villanueva,

Obregon-Palomino,

Pujay-Iglesias

et al. 2023

risti

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Un agente inteligente (AI) utiliza la inteligencia artificial (IA) para dialogar con los usuarios; las incidencias son interrupciones que surgen y que impiden a los usuarios hacer uso de las tecnologías de la información (TI); América Latina tiene un 15. 5% de las respuestas a incidencias de clientes. En Europa, cada año las incidencias de seguridad de TI se han visto incrementado desde 2019 en un 41%, las cuales se clasifican como de gravedad Alta y Muy Alta. El propósito de este estudio fue implementar un AI para mejorar la Gestión de Incidencias (GI), reducir el número de incidencias no resueltos, reducir el tiempo de resolución y aumentar la satisfacción de los usuarios. Para lograr este objetivo, se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo y un diseño preexperimental; se utilizó cuestionarios para el recojo de datos y, a continuación, todos los datos se sometieron a un análisis estadístico para validar la hipótesis. expertos verificaron la validez de los instrumentos, luego se obtuvo el índice de confiabilidad de los instrumentos utilizados. Además, se utilizó el marco de trabajo Scrum para el desarrollo de la solución inteligente. El logro de la implementación se obtuvo a través de la incorporación de diversas tecnologías como Dialogflow, Webhook, PostgreSQL; finalmente, se obtuvo un AI capaz de atender los incidentes reportados por los usuarios, asignando la tarea de manera automatizada. El desarrollo de este estudio permitió minimizar el número de incidencias no resueltas al día en un 14%; se redujo el tiempo de resolución de incidencias en un 63% y aumentó la satisfacción de los usuarios a "Satisfecho" al 43,3% y a "Muy Satisfecho" al 57,7%. Finalmente, se puede concluir que este trabajo proporciona una importante contribución para futuras implantaciones de diseños o desarrollos relacionados con la automatización de la GI mediante agentes inteligentes.

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“…It achieves operation in the ISM band from 2.075 up to 2.625 GHz with a peak gain of 7.76 dBi and an 80.12% efficiency value. An antenna array module for in-time operation at 3.5 GHz (sub-6 GHz) and 26 GHz mm-wave frequencies is presented in 23 . The antenna modules are fabricated on a commercial FR-4 substrate with a total size of 154 mm × 66 mm × 0.6 mm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering planar antenna using geometry arrangements for wireless communications and satellite applications

El-Hakim,

Mohamed

2023

Sci Rep

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A triple-band microstrip patch antenna designed for the IEEE 802.16e WiMAX, IEEE 802.11a WLAN, C-band downlink communications, and Ku-band radar recent applications is suggested in this article. The planned antenna operates at 2.45, 6, and 14 GHz resonant frequencies. The antenna fulfilled triple-band physical characteristics covering industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands between (2.1–2.8) GHz; (5.6–6.5) GHz for wireless local area network (WLAN) or ultra-wideband (UWB) services; and 12.7–16 GHz for future two-way 5G:6G either broadcasting or mobile satellite communications. To achieve better return loss performance, parametric studies are carried out using Microwave Studio (CST MWS). The proposed antenna is designed on the FR4 as a hosting medium of total size 46 × 38 × 1.6 mm3, combined with a planar transmission line (T.L.) feed and defected ground structure (DGS). The simulated antenna’s input reflection coefficient (S11) results and the far-field measurements show good agreement. The fabricated prototype achieves peak gain values of 2.8, 3.8, and 4.7 dBi, respectively, and bidirectional radiation characteristics. A comparative study with other recent publications is implemented to validate the consistency of the design.

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Integrated sub-6 GHz and millimeter wave band antenna array modules for 5G smartphone applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Dual-Band MIMO Prototype in the Sub-6 GHz Integrated With mm-Wave Arrays: Ensuring Beamforming and Safety Measures

Dual-Band MIMO Prototype in the Sub-6 GHz Integrated With mm-Wave Arrays: Ensuring Beamforming and Safety Measures

Agente inteligente para la gestión de incidencias

Engineering planar antenna using geometry arrangements for wireless communications and satellite applications

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