Integrating human behaviour and building vulnerability for the assessment and mitigation of seismic risk in historic centres: Proposal of a holistic human-centred simulation-based approach

Zlateski, Aleksandar; Lucesoli, Michele; Bernardini, Gabriele; Ferreira, Tiago Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101392

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Furthermore, in the case of a seismic event, P2 represents a critical parameter for quick damage assessment based on façade overturning [47,48]. High built fronts increase the probability that seismic-induced debris can make the OS unavailable, especially in the case of narrowness of the OS, thus increasing overcrowding conditions during post-earthquake evacuation [49]. Finally, P8 also affects the evacuation process, as height differences in the OS (including stairs) can limit both the motion and speed of users while moving either upstairs or downstairs, as pointed out by consolidated approaches to the evacuation analysis [50].…”

Section: Open Space Parameters For Bet Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding SLODs, the presence of built fronts (combined with their structural type and the related morphological issues) and/or open sides could increase or decrease the heat concentration, depending on the orientation of the BE's sides and the position of the sun [37,40]. Concerning SUODs, built fronts could increase the probability of damage scenarios, in both terrorist acts (e.g., in case of an explosion) and seismic events, while a free side of an OS represents physical boundaries reducing the number of possible evacuation roads [48,49].…”

Section: Open Space Parameters For Bet Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Built Environment Typologies Prone to Risk: A Cluster Analysis of Open Spaces in Italian Cities

et al. 2021

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Planning for preparedness, in terms of multi-hazard disasters, involves testing the relevant abilities to mitigate damage and build resilience, through the assessment of deterministic disaster scenarios. Among risk-prone assets, open spaces (OSs) play a significant role in the characterization of the built environment (BE) and represent the relevant urban portion on which to develop multi-risk scenarios. The aim of this paper is to elaborate ideal scenarios—namely, Built Environment Typologies (BETs)—for simulation-based risk assessment actions, considering the safety and resilience of BEs in emergency conditions. The investigation is conducted through the GIS data collection of the common characteristics of OSs (i.e., squares), identified through five parameters considered significant in the scientific literature. These data were processed through a non-hierarchical cluster analysis. The results of the cluster analysis identified five groups of OSs, characterized by specific morphological, functional, and physical characteristics. Combining the outcomes of the cluster analysis with a critical analysis, nine final BETs were identified. The resulting BETs were linked to characteristic risk combinations, according to the analysed parameters. Thus, the multi-risk scenarios identified through the statistical analysis lay the basis for future risk assessments of BEs, based on the peculiar characteristics of Italian towns.

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Section: Open Space Parameters For Bet Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Open Space Parameters For Bet Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environment Typologies Prone to Risk: A Cluster Analysis of Open Spaces in Italian Cities

et al. 2021

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“…Other morpho-typological analyses deal with the local scale, supporting comparisons between different urban paths in terms of their ability to allow a smooth pedestrian evacuation. Among studies that propose typological indexes, it is possible to find the "pedestrian route directness index", defined as the ratio between a route's actual distance throughout urban space and the geodetic (or straight-line) distance between its origin and destination [54,55]; the "road resistor coefficient", defined as the ratio between road length and the road width [62]; the path "tortuosity index", defined as the difference between the minimum linear path length and the average evacuees' path length [41]; and the "difference-in-path ratio", that expresses the ratio between the effective evacuation path length and the ideal one [63].…”

Section: Morpho-typological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing the Intrinsic Seismic Risk of Open Spaces in Existing Built Environments: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Open spaces (OSs), such as streets, squares, and green areas, in existing built environments (BEs) are key places in disaster risk management. The seismic risk in the OSs is strictly related to BE characteristics. Scientific literature mainly focuses on extrinsic factors affecting risk, which are related to BE elements on the OSs frontier (e.g., buildings) that could cause indirect effects on the OSs. Conversely, just a few risk assessment studies consider intrinsic factors, which are related to OS elements that could suffer direct effects. Moreover, synoptic studies on such factors are still missing. Through literature-based research, the paper identifies specific factors influencing seismic risk in the OSs, focusing notably on intrinsic vulnerability. The literature review methodology includes both a systematic review from Scopus databases and a traditional bibliographic search using snowball analysis. According to the final selected papers, risk factors are classified into five categories of OS characteristics: morpho-typology; physical; construction; use and users; and context. Statistical analysis of the categories’ recurrence in the final papers firstly allows current literature gaps to be defined. The results also provide a preliminary OSs risk index weighting each category in terms of such recurrences, thus representing a first useful step to support non-expert stakeholders in a preliminary assessment of priorities to define the seismic risk of Oss.

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“…Catastrophic effects of an earthquake on populations could be reduced through consciously evacuation procedures that should be preventively planned. Emergency planners necessitate of reliable tools supporting their choices [2], with this aim factors influencing the seismic risk related to the built environment have to be rapidly collected at the wide urban scale to evaluate all the possible scenarios. Focusing on evacuation paths in urban fabrics the risk can be influenced by three main aspects [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Natural Disasters in Historic Areas: a Novel Holistic Seismic Risk Assessment Method Applied to a Relevant Case Study

Lucesoli¹,

Bernardini²,

Quagliarini³

2021

12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions

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Integrating human behaviour and building vulnerability for the assessment and mitigation of seismic risk in historic centres: Proposal of a holistic human-centred simulation-based approach

Cited by 25 publications

References 54 publications

Built Environment Typologies Prone to Risk: A Cluster Analysis of Open Spaces in Italian Cities

Built Environment Typologies Prone to Risk: A Cluster Analysis of Open Spaces in Italian Cities

Factors Influencing the Intrinsic Seismic Risk of Open Spaces in Existing Built Environments: A Systematic Review

Managing Natural Disasters in Historic Areas: a Novel Holistic Seismic Risk Assessment Method Applied to a Relevant Case Study

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