Integrating PEVs into Smart Home Energy Management: A Vehicle-to-Home Backup Power Solution with Solar power system

Abstract

This study focuses on leveraging the capabilities of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to serve as an alternative power supply for suburban demands during disruptions, encompassing backup solutions, particularly in emerging or deprived regions. This initiative is part of an overarching strategy to establish household microgrids. Importantly, this utilization of PEVs for backup power is engineered to have no adverse impact on their primary function as electric vehicles. The proposed Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) system integrates seamlessly with solar photovoltaic (PV) charging. This synergy transforms the entire setup into a nano grid, a self-contained energy ecosystem. In a specific capacity, the plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) operates as a household load, utilizing its battery that gets charged either from solar photovoltaic (PV) systems or grid connections. The pivotal focus, however, remains on maximizing solar energy utilization, thereby reducing dependence on grid-based charging. To achieve this, a multi-faceted approach is adopted. Throughout daylight hours, various charging modes such as slow DC charging, fast DC charging, constant voltage, and constant current charging are employed to tap into and leverage solar energy resources effectively. The primary goals of this initiative include addressing various aspects: reducing household energy expenses, decreasing dependence on the conventional grid, enhancing power supply reliability to meet suburban demands during load shedding and power outages, and optimizing the utilization of solar energy from rooftop photovoltaic arrays. Essentially, this study aims to creatively integrate plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), solar photovoltaics (PV), and smart grid technologies to improve energy resilience and efficiency in residential settings.