Integrating Sustainability into Road Infrastructure Development

Abstract

Preface"Sustainability" has become a buzzword in both science and policy, and academics and politicians not only use the term often and in many different contexts, but also assign it multiple meanings. The emergent meanings are contradictory, ambiguous, and diverse. There is no straightforward way to grasp what the notion means without examining who interprets it, when, where, and why. This dissertation arose from this observation. As a government employee for more than 11 years, I found that the words "sustainability" and "sustainable development" had started to appear in policy documents, the speeches of senior staff, and politicians' statements. However, it is challenging to translate the abstract notion into a clear public program, policy, and project with specific and coherent expected outcomes. viii WUR, Giovanni Vecchio, a visiting PhD scholar from Politecnico di Milano, introduced me to the topic of urban transportation planning. To Laksmi Darmoyono, I thank her comments on the PhD project proposal and fruitful discussions about road infrastructure development in Indonesia while she was completing her PhD research at the University of Groningen. I am also profoundly grateful for Dr. Myra P. Gunawan and Dr. Hastu Prabatmodjo (Bandung Institute of Technology). They supported and recommended me to pursue a PhD degree.Fifth, I am very thankful to the Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning (SGPL) members at Utrecht University. I thank Julie Leijtens, the department manager, and Karlijne and Marleen, the department secretaries, to help me with paperwork, research budgeting, and many other administrative things. I also thank Zinan,

Muon Site Estimations by DFT Calculations in Metal and Insulating Systems

“…Besides, some dynamic effects caused by the zero-point vibration motion can be observed in the muon-spin depolarization behavior. For instance, the zero-point vibration motion of the muon in La 2 CuO 4 can also be estimated to be around 500 meV which widely expand the muon position around the minimum potential [36]. However, any of dynamic behavior was not observed and internal fields at muon sites were uniquely defined in our high statics SR measurements La 2 CuO 4 .…”