Integration of efficient farm enterprises for livelihood security of small farmers

The integrated farming system is an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective approach to the sustainability of agri‐food systems in the modern era of the changing climate: A comprehensive review

“…Moreover, monocropping with continuous cropping systems has resulted in various disadvantages viz., the degradation of natural resources, the build-up of diseases and pests, a decline in resources in the region, and the decrease in agricultural resources threaten the sustainability and profitability of the present agriculture system but any system which requires less input and contributes more output is considered as efficient and sustaining (Walia et al, 2011(Walia et al, , 2016 and IFS farms encompass low input energy and farm waste as a source for efficient resource recycling (Long et al, 2013;Nayak et al, 2018). There is evidence of positive and economic benefits from livestock-based cropping systems with ecological sustainability (Walia & Kaur, 2020). Similarly, Gill et al (2009) and Yadav and Sharma (2013) also reported that the integration of crops with livestock in a farming system is highly productive, profitable, and environmentally sustainable.…”