Integration of multi voltages, multi electric vehicle spots based three phase photovoltaic array charging station to the modern distribution grid with improved electric vehicle charging capability and power quality

Abstract

This paper proposes the solar photovoltaic (PV) array-based three-phase modern grid integrated multi-voltage and multi electric vehicles (EVs) spots-based charging station (CS). It provides the charging spot of the EVs as per the required voltage level of the EVs battery. The presented CS is multifunctional. Besides, the EV charging capability, it also mitigates the power quality issues due to EVs and nonlinear loads tied at the point of common coupling (PCC). The voltage source converter (VSC) control is developed using the gradient adaptive variable step least mean square (GAVS-LMS) based technique. The presented control extracts the fundamental weight of load current to improve the operation of grid integrated charging stations and the power quality issues.The DC bus voltage is stabilized through the bidirectional converter using the cascaded proportional-integral (PI) control under heavy multi-voltage EV loads. As the charging station is subjected to heavy multi-voltage EV loads, which causes the unstable operation of the CS. Therefore, the small-signal modeling and stability analysis is also carried out in charging/discharging modes. The vehicle to the grid (V2G) and grid to vehicle (G2V) mode transfer are also carried out. These operations are also shown with and without the availability of solar PV generation. The efficacy of the presented CS and its controllers are tested with simulated as well as Opal-RT workbench based experimental results.