Intellectual property issues in user agreements for image creation services using artificial intelligence technology

Abstract

The authors analyze the user agreements of image creation services using artificial intelligence technology in terms of regulating intellectual property relations for the results obtained. In the absence of unambiguous legislative regulation on this issue, it is precisely such agreements that are of interest as a mechanism for overcoming gaps and contradictions. In addition, in the future, the norms and principles formulated in them may become customs, a kind of "lex mercatoria", and also be in demand by legislators as a basis for the development of normative acts. In particular, such services as "Kandinsky", "Fusion Brain" and "Masterpiece" are considered. Such a choice is due, on the one hand, to the popularity of these services, and, on the other hand, to their recognition of the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, which avoids separate consideration of the issue of determining the applicable law. The research methodology is based on traditional principles, techniques and approaches for legal science: dialectics, analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, etc. The scientific novelty of the research and the results obtained is primarily due to the innovativeness of the relations under consideration, as well as the "lag" in the development of legislation. The analysis allows the authors to conclude that user agreements can be interpreted as recognizing the users of the corresponding service as the author of the image created using artificial intelligence. The agreements also provide for the automatic transfer of a number of rights to service owners. First of all, we are talking about providing service owners with a non-exclusive royalty-free license for a wide range of ways to use the work. At the same time, the list of methods and the approach to their description differs. In addition, certain agreements provide for the actual restriction of the rights of user authors to use the works they have created. They provide for agreements and norms that can be regarded as aimed at restricting non-property rights.