“…The use of neural networks (NNs) in trac management [4,7,23,25,32,39] has been gaining wide acceptance lately due to the following advantages of NNs: · ability to adapt to changes in trac conditions via on-line training, · precise models of the network processes are not required, · ability to give reasonable outputs for input patterns previously not observed, · high computational rates due to parallel hardware implementation, and · ability to perform prediction by learning the relationship between current and future values.…”