Intelligibility versus comprehension: understanding quality of accessible next-generation audio broadcast

Abstract

For traditional broadcasting formats, implementation of accessible audio strategies for hard of hearing people have used a binary, intelligibility-based approach. In this approach, sounds are categorized either as speech, contributing to comprehension of content, or non-speech, which can mask the speech and reduce intelligibility. Audio accessibility solutions have therefore focused on speech enhancement type methods, for which several useful standard objective measures of quality exist. Recent developments in next-generation broadcast audio formats, in particular the roll out of object-based audio, facilitate more in-depth personalisation of the audio experience based on user preferences and needs. Recent research has demonstrated that many non-speech sounds do not strictly behave as maskers but can be critical for comprehension of the narrative for some viewers. This complex relationship between speech, non-speech audio and the viewer necessitate a more holistic approach to understanding quality of experience of accessible media. This paper reviews previous work and outlines such an approach, discussing accessibility strategies using next-generation audio formats and their implications for developing effective assessments of quality.

Widen your vision: from technical accessibility to semantic intelligibility of information

“…The required information that was to be presented to the voter was indeed accessible. However, at a semantic level, it was not always intelligible, whereas intelligibility is a precondition to comprehension [74]. The IS did not meet the need of autonomy of people with disabilities and negatively impacted usability.…”

Speech Quality Improvement of TV-Sets for Hearing-Impaired Older Adults

“…An important aspect related to speech intelligibility is the loudspeaker position. Shirley found that a center loudspeaker in front of the listener significantly improves speech clarity compared with down-mixed stereo presentation via two-loudspeakers, for both aided and unaided listeners [5], [25]. The majority of modern flat TV-sets have small built-in loudspeakers mounted either down-firing or rear-firing, i.e., they are directed below or behind the TV-sets.…”

Deploying Enhanced Speech Feature Decreased Audio Complaints at SVT Play VOD Service

“…could disturb neighbours, or when the viewing environment is noisy. Shirley et al [8] discuss some of the problems with the experience of speech in broadcast audio and many of these points are also applicable to TV broadcasts and streaming. There are several other techniques to address the problem of audio accessibility.…”