Intensive Lifestyle Changes May Affect the Progression of Prostate Cancer

Ornish, Dean; Weidner, Gerdi; Fair, William R.; Marlin, Ruth; Pettengill, Elaine; Raisin, Caren J.; Dunn-Emke, Stacey; Crutchfield, Lila; Jacobs, Frederik; Barnard, R. James; Aronson, William J.; McCormac, P.; McKNIGHT, Damien J.; Fein, Jordan D.; Dnistrian, Ann M.; Weinstein, Jeanmaire; Ngo, Tung H.; Mendell, Nancy R.; Carroll, Peter R.

doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000169487.49018.73

Cited by 407 publications

(316 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Several studies show that physically active prostate cancer patients have significantly greater quality of life 33,34 , less fatigue 35 , lower PSA levels 36 and can delay initiating ADT two years longer than their less-active prostate cancer peers 37 . Physically active prostate cancer patients also have significantly lower serum insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), higher insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-1) and a lower risk of high grade disease (Gleason score 7 or greater) compared to less-active prostate cancer patients [38][39][40] .…”

Section: Insert Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Benefits of Exercise for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Keogh

MacLeod

2012

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

183

167

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Context: Prostate cancer patients, especially those on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) experience many symptoms that make it difficult to maintain their independence and quality of life. As ADT act via reducing testosterone production, exercise may offset many of the ADT side-effects and that of the cancer itself. Objectives: This article sought to conduct a systematic review of the literature on whether exercise could reduce symptoms and improve quality of life for prostate cancer patients. Methods: Using relevant databases and keywords, 12 training studies were found meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Grade A level evidence was observed for the benefits of exercise in improving muscular endurance, aerobic endurance and overall quality of life as well as reducing fatigue in prostate cancer patients. Grade B evidence also suggested that exercise may improve prostate cancer patients' muscle mass, muscular strength, functional performance (walking and sit to stand speed) as well as health-related, social and physical quality of life. These effects appeared greater for group-rather than home-based exercise; especially if these programs including resistance training. Conclusion: It is recommended that most prostate cancer patients be encouraged to exercise regularly by their clinicians and significant others. Where possible, this exercise should be group-based and include some resistance training. Future research in this area should directly compare group-and home-based as well as resistance, aerobic and combined resistance and aerobic training to better elucidate the most effective forms of exercise for this population and what factors affect initiation and adherence to such programs.

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Section: Insert Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Benefits of Exercise for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Keogh

MacLeod

2012

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

183

167

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“…These studies provided some evidence that comprehensive lifestyle changes may have therapeutic potential in early prostate cancers. However, although these interventions are associated with decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (7), and although serum from men after intervention has reduced the ability to stimulate prostate cell-line growth in vitro (4), the actual molecular effects of these interventions in prostate tissue have not been previously examined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We (4,5) and others (6) have shown previously that diet and lifestyle interventions in men with earlystage prostate cancer decrease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and decrease the rate of PSA increase. These studies provided some evidence that comprehensive lifestyle changes may have therapeutic potential in early prostate cancers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention

Ornish

Magbanua

Weidner

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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267

152

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Epidemiological and prospective studies indicate that comprehensive lifestyle changes may modify the progression of prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms by which improvements in diet and lifestyle might affect the prostate microenvironment are poorly understood. We conducted a pilot study to examine changes in prostate gene expression in a unique population of men with low-risk prostate cancer who declined immediate surgery, hormonal therapy, or radiation and participated in an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention while undergoing careful surveillance for tumor progression. Consistent with previous studies, significant improvements in weight, abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and lipid profile were observed (all P < 0.05), and surveillance of low-risk patients was safe. Gene expression profiles were obtained from 30 participants, pairing RNA samples from control prostate needle biopsy taken before intervention to RNA from the same patient's 3-month postintervention biopsy. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate array observations for selected transcripts. Two-class paired analysis of global gene expression using significance analysis of microarrays detected 48 up-regulated and 453 down-regulated transcripts after the intervention. Pathway analysis identified significant modulation of biological processes that have critical roles in tumorigenesis, including protein metabolism and modification, intracellular protein traffic, and protein phosphorylation (all P < 0.05). Intensive nutrition and lifestyle changes may modulate gene expression in the prostate. Understanding the prostate molecular response to comprehensive lifestyle changes may strengthen efforts to develop effective prevention and treatment. Larger clinical trials are warranted to confirm the results of this pilot study.exercise ͉ lifestyle changes ͉ prostate cancer ͉ SHOC2 ͉ stress management E pidemiological evidence (1, 2) and migrant studies (3) indicate that the incidence of clinically significant prostate cancer is much lower in parts of the world where people eat a predominantly low-fat, plant-based diet. We (4, 5) and others (6) have shown previously that diet and lifestyle interventions in men with earlystage prostate cancer decrease prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and decrease the rate of PSA increase. These studies provided some evidence that comprehensive lifestyle changes may have therapeutic potential in early prostate cancers. However, although these interventions are associated with decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (7), and although serum from men after intervention has reduced the ability to stimulate prostate cell-line growth in vitro (4), the actual molecular effects of these interventions in prostate tissue have not been previously examined.Many men with indolent prostate cancers detected by PSA screening will not exhibit disease progression during their lifetime; their treatment and associated side effects are unnecessary (8). We report here the results of the Gene Expressio...

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“…[47][48][49] Ornish et al 47 randomized 93 men with low-grade PC (Gleason sum o7) undergoing a watchful waiting protocol to a program of comprehensive lifestyle changes or a control group that received usual care. The program adherence rate was 95% in the experimental group and after 1 year these men had a statistically significant decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as compared to men in the control group.…”

Section: Active Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, serum obtained from men after 1 year in the experimental group significantly inhibited in vitro LNCaP cell growth as compared to serum from men in the control group. At both 1 47 and 2 years 48 after randomization, fewer patients in the comprehensive lifestyle modification program had undergone conventional PC therapy (that is, prostatectomy, radiation therapy, ADT) as compared to the control group.…”

Section: Active Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise therapy across the prostate cancer continuum

Antonelli

Freedland

Jones

2009

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Exercise has been increasingly investigated as an adjunct therapy for cancer patients. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively review the literature regarding exercise as a therapeutic adjunct for prostate cancer (PC). Several studies in patients with PC have shown quality of life improvements associated with exercise. Although no study has established the effect of exercise as a monotherapy for PC, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the potential association between exercise and PC are being elucidated. Given the low-risk, high-reward nature of these studies, further investigations are needed to better define the function of exercise along the PC continuum.

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Intensive Lifestyle Changes May Affect the Progression of Prostate Cancer

Abstract: Intensive lifestyle changes may affect the progression of early, low grade prostate cancer in men. Further studies and longer term followup are warranted.

Cited by 407 publications

References 20 publications

Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Benefits of Exercise for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Body Composition, Physical Fitness, Functional Performance, Quality of Life, and Fatigue Benefits of Exercise for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review

Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention

Exercise therapy across the prostate cancer continuum

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