Interaction between <i>Vibrio mimicus</i> and <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i>

Abd, Hadi; Valeru, Soni Priya; Sami, Susan Marouf; Saeed, Amir; Raychaudhuri, Saumya; Sandström, Gunnar

doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00129.x

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although these results are novel, bacterial entrapment in the cyst cytosol has already briefly been described before for Legionella pneumophila (25), Vibrio mimicus, and Simkania negevensis. The last two species could also be detected within the double cyst walls of Acanthamoeba polyphaga cysts (29,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Protozoan Cysts Act as a Survival Niche and Protective Shelter for Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Lambrecht

Baré

Chavatte

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The production of cysts, an integral part of the life cycle of many free-living protozoa, allows these organisms to survive adverse environmental conditions. Given the prevalence of free-living protozoa in food-related environments, it is hypothesized that these organisms play an important yet currently underinvestigated role in the epidemiology of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Intracystic bacterial survival is highly relevant, as this would allow bacteria to survive the stringent cleaning and disinfection measures applied in food-related environments. The present study shows that strains of widespread and important foodborne bacteria (Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Listeria monocytogenes) survive inside cysts of the ubiquitous amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii, even when exposed to either antibiotic treatment (100 g/ml gentamicin) or highly acidic conditions (pH 0.2) and resume active growth in broth media following excystment. Strain-and species-specific differences in survival periods were observed, with Salmonella enterica surviving up to 3 weeks inside amoebal cysts. Up to 53% of the cysts were infected with pathogenic bacteria, which were located in the cyst cytosol. Our study suggests that the role of free-living protozoa and especially their cysts in the persistence and epidemiology of foodborne bacterial pathogens in food-related environments may be much more important than hitherto assumed. Foodborne pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of foodborne illness and have important implications for human public health along with economic consequences (1). Despite thorough disinfection protocols and hygiene monitoring during food production and processing, pathogenic bacteria often persist in foodrelated environments and on food, suggesting that our knowledge about the transmission routes and epidemiology of foodborne pathogenic bacteria is still incomplete.Recent studies have shown that bacteria can benefit from intracellular associations with free-living protozoa (FLP) (2, 3), heterotrophic eukaryotic microorganisms that are common in natural aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (4). Although FLP feed on bacteria, some bacteria resist digestion. These so-called "digestion-resistant bacteria" can survive and even grow inside their FLP hosts (5). These hosts thus effectively act as a reservoir, shelter, and vector for the bacteria and can as such play an important role in their ecology (3, 6). Intracellular association with FLP has also been demonstrated for human-pathogenic bacteria (7, 8), including food-related pathogens (e.g., see references 5, 9, and 10). As FLP have been isolated from diverse food-related habitats, such as broiler houses (11-13), meat cutting plants (14), domestic refrigerators (15), and vegetables (16,17), this suggests that FLP may be implicated in the epidemiology of foodborne pathogens.Many FLP have two life cycle stages: the trophozoite and the dormant cyst. The former is the actively feeding stage, preying on bacteria, algae, viruses, yeast, and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…(25), Simkania negevensis (29), Escherichia coli (30,31), Vibrio spp. (32), Enterobacter aerogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila (33), and some obligate endosymbionts, among which is Protochlamydia amoebophila (34,35). The present study specifically addresses the association mode and survival duration of the most common foodborne pathogens inside FLP cysts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoan Cysts Act as a Survival Niche and Protective Shelter for Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Lambrecht

Baré

Chavatte

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Reservoir, vector and vehicle (Cirrillo et al, 1997;Harb et al, 2000;Schuster 2002;Schuster and Visvesvara, 2004;Snelling et al, 2006;Dalebroux et al, 2009;Iseberg et al, 2009;Dupuy et al, 2011) Naegleria gruberi Vibrio cholerae, V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus Intra-amoebal habitat and reservoir (Thom et al, 1992;Matz et al, 2005;Laskowski-Arce and Orth, 2008;Abd et al, 2010;Vezzulli et al, 2010) Rhynochomonas nasuta V. cholerae, V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus Intra-amoebal habitat and reservoir (Thom et al, 1992;Matz et al, 2008;Laskowski-Arce and Orth, 2008;Abd et al, 2010;Vezzulli et al, 2010) Vermamoeba vermiformis Staphylococcus aureus Reservoir (Huws et al, 2008) Thecamoeba quadrilineata…”

Section: Legionella Pneumophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reservoir, vector and vehicle (Cirrillo et al, 1997;Harb et al, 2000;Schuster et al, 2002;2004;Dalebroux et al, 2009;Iseberg et al, 2009;Dupuy et al, 2011) T a b l e 2 (continued) Axelsson-Olsson et al, 2005;Snelling et al, 2006;Huws et al, 2008;Thomas et al, 2010;Bui et al, 2012;Siddiqui and Khan, 2012a;Cateau et al, 2014) Vibrio cholerae, V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus Intra-amoebal habitat and reservoir (Thom et al, 1992;Laskowski-Arce and Orth, 2008;Matz et al, 2008;Abd et al, 2010;Vezzulli et al, 2010) Yersinia enterocolitica Reservoir, vector, infection route, biological gym, and evolutionary crib (Huws et al, 2008) E. coli, Salmonella spp. Mediator (Vaerewijck et al, 2014) Afipia birgiae, A. broomae, A. felis, A. massiliensis Facultative intracellular Balamuthia spp.…”

Section: Legionella Pneumophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reservoir, vector and vehicle (Cirrillo et al, 1997;Harb et al, 2000;Schuster et al, 2003;Schuster and Visvesvara, 2004;Dalebroux et al, 2009;Iseberg et al, 2009;Dupuy et al, 2011) Simkania negevensis Reservoir (Thomas et al, 2010) Dictyostelium discoideum Mycobacterium avium, M. marinum Reservoir (Cateau et al, 2014) Vibrio cholerae, V. mimicus, V. parahaemolyticus Intra-amoebal habitat and reservoir (Thom et al, 1992;Laskowski-Arce and Orth, 2008;Abd et al, 2010;Vezzulli et al, 2010;Matz et al, 2011) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Reservoir (Snelling et al, 2006) Entamoeba histolytica Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. sonnei Reservoir (transmission reservoir) Saeed et al, 2009) Ehinamoeba spp., Hartmanella spp., Vahlkamphia spp.…”

Section: Legionella Pneumophilamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between Free-Living Amoeba and their Intracellular Bacteria

Rubeniņa

Kirjušina

Bērziņš

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

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An increasing number of bacteria have been described as benefiting from interaction with free-living amoeba. The most common association between free-living amoeba and microorganisms is interaction of various non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacterial species with amoeba. Various pathogenic bacterial species have capacity to resist digestion by free-living amoeba, which has been observed by many researchers. Also, several of these pathogens are able to resist digestion by macrophages. In addition, free-living amoeba have been associated with several diseases in humans. Acanthamniioeba castella is an important predator of bacteria. It is a ubiquitous organism in water, soil, and air. Attention from a public health perspective is needed by investigation of interaction of foodborne pathogens and free-living amoeba. Bacteria can use free-living amoeba as reservoirs, mediators or vehicles, an infection route, “biological gym” and evolutionary crib or interaction may result in a close endosymbiotic relationship. The purpose of this review is to describe the interaction mechanisms between free-living amoeba and common bacteria species that survive in host cells.

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Survival of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in the presence of Acanthamoeba castellanii and its dependence on Pho regulon

et al. 2012

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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are involved in outbreaks of food-borne illness and transmitted to humans through bovine products or water contaminated by cattle feces. Microbial interaction is one of the strategies used by pathogenic bacteria to survive in the environment. Among protozoa, the free-living amoebae are known to host and protect several water-borne pathogens. In this study, the interaction between EHEC and the predacious protozoa Acanthamoeba castellanii was investigated. Using monoculture and cocultures, growth of both organisms was estimated for 3 weeks by total and viable cell counts. The numbers of EHEC were significantly higher when cultured with amoebae than without, and less EHEC shifted into a viable but nonculturable state in the presence of amoebae. Using several mutants, we observed that the Pho regulon is required for EHEC growth when cocultured with amoebae. In contrast, the Shiga toxins (Stx) were not involved in this association phenotype. Cocultures monitored by electron microscopy revealed a loss of the regular rod shape of EHEC and the secretion of multilamellar vesicles by the amoebae, which did not contain bacteria. As the interaction between A. castellanii and EHEC appears beneficial for bacterial growth, this supports a potential role for protozoa in promoting the persistence of EHEC in the environment.

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Interaction between Vibrio mimicus and Acanthamoeba castellanii

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Protozoan Cysts Act as a Survival Niche and Protective Shelter for Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Protozoan Cysts Act as a Survival Niche and Protective Shelter for Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

Relationships between Free-Living Amoeba and their Intracellular Bacteria

Survival of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in the presence of Acanthamoeba castellanii and its dependence on Pho regulon

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