Interaction Between the EntomopathogensBeauveria bassiana,Metarhizium anisopliaeandPaecilomyces fumosoroseusand the MycoparasitesClonostachysspp.,Trichoderma harzianumandLecanicillium lecanii

Krauss, Ulrike; Hidalgo, Eduardo; Arroyo, Claudio; Piper, Stephen R.

doi:10.1080/09583150410001665196

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The inability of L. lecanii to transfer insect-derived nitrogen to plants, despite its ability to infect insects and form endophytic associations, was surprising, since L. lecanii is similar to Metarhizium and Beauveria with respect to insect host range and endophytic competence (21,22). We can only speculate as to the reason for this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Behie

Bidochka

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

173

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The study of symbiotic nitrogen transfer in soil has largely focused on nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Vascular plants can lose a substantial amount of their nitrogen through insect herbivory. Previously, we showed that plants were able to reacquire nitrogen from insects through a partnership with the endophytic, insect-pathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii. That is, the endophytic capability and insect pathogenicity of M. robertsii are coupled so that the fungus acts as a conduit to provide insect-derived nitrogen to plant hosts. Here, we assess the ubiquity of this nitrogen transfer in five Metarhizium species representing those with broad (M. robertsii, M. brunneum, and M. guizhouense) and narrower insect host ranges (M. acridum and M. flavoviride), as well as the insect-pathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii. Insects were injected with 15 N-labeled nitrogen, and we tracked the incorporation of 15 N into two dicots, haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max), and two monocots, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), in the presence of these fungi in soil microcosms. All Metarhizium species and B. bassiana but not L. lecanii showed the capacity to transfer nitrogen to plants, although to various degrees. Endophytic association by these fungi increased overall plant productivity. We also showed that in the field, where microbial competition is potentially high, M. robertsii was able to transfer insect-derived nitrogen to plants. Metarhizium spp. and B. bassiana have a worldwide distribution with high soil abundance and may play an important role in the ecological cycling of insect nitrogen back to plant communities. Despite its atmospheric abundance, nitrogen gas (N 2 ) is not directly available as a source of nitrogen to plants. Free-living or symbiotic soil microbes fix N 2 and produce nitrogen-containing compounds that are directly utilized by plants (1). Traditionally, the paradigm of symbiotic nitrogen transfer to plants has focused on nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobium. However, once this nitrogen is fixed and transferred to the plant, it can be lost, primarily through microbial mineralization of decaying vegetation or insect herbivory. With respect to mineralized nitrogen, more than 90% of land plants are able to form symbiotic relationships with soil fungi, and several of these fungi are able to transfer nitrogen to plants (2). Mycorrhizal fungi, specifically from the phylum Glomeromycota, have been shown to provide plants with nitrogen obtained from the soil in exchange for plant-derived carbon (3).Up to 31% of plant nitrogen in an ecosystem can be lost to insects through herbivory (4). Recently, we illustrated a strategy whereby plants can reacquire nitrogen previously lost to herbivorous insects through an association with an endophytic, insectpathogenic fungus (EIPF) (5). In the soil, the EIPF Metarhizium robertsii infected and killed an insect, formed an endophytic relationship with a plant, and subsequently transferred insect-deriv...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Behie

Bidochka

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

173

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“…and T. harzianum whereas B. bassiana was attacked by Clonostachys rosea and P. fumosoroseus was resistant to these mycoparasites. Krauss et al (2004) also showed that co-application of mycoparasites with entomopathogens did not affect their biocontrol efficacy in vivo, and concluded that they were compatible elements of integrated pest management. Other workers have reported that M. anisopliae is compatible with mycoparasitic fungi like Trichoderma and in fact, the two may work efficaciously in the control of some pests (Lopez and Orduz 2003;Butt unpublished observations).…”

Section: Micro-organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Krauss, Hidalgo, Arroyo, and Piper (2004) demonstrated differential susceptibility of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae and P. fumosoroseus to the broad host-range mycoparasites Clonostachys spp. and Trichoderma harzianum.…”

Section: Micro-organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and released inoculum levels of entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol agents in soil in relation to risk assessment and in accordance with EU regulations

Scheepmaker

Butt

2010

Biocontrol Science and Technology

123

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Entomopathogenic fungi being developed as biological control agents (BCAs) may have the potential to spread and become established in the environment. For registration purposes, the risks concerning their persistence have to be evaluated according to EU legislation which requires the decline of BCAs to acceptable background levels unless related risks are acceptable. In order to deal with this requirement, applicants of a BCA need to give information on its persistence and natural background levels. For risk assessors and registration authorities guidance on how to evaluate data on natural background levels of indigenously occurring species (0same species as the introduced BCA) is needed. For this purpose, an overview is presented on background levels of some indigenous fungi as well as persistence data of some applied fungal BCAs. Data were restricted to commerical species. It was found that for the species Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria brongniartii natural densities were relatively low and introduced strains of these fungi decreased gradually in time. Many factors were found in the literature, such as intrinsic, edaphic, biotic, climatic, and cultural factors, that could explain this decline.

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“…Both genera have previously been shown to possess a wide host-range (Krauss and Soberanis, 2001). This study forms part of a larger project on mycoparasite compatibility (Krauss et al, 2004;ten Hoopen et al, 2010). Our objective was to systematically investigate mycoparasitic interactions of selected isolates of Clonostachys and Trichoderma species from Costa Rica with Peruvian strains of known effectiveness against multiple cocoa diseases Soberanis, 2001, 2002), i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mycoparasitism by Clonostachys byssicola and Clonostachys rosea on Trichoderma spp. from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and implication for the design of mixed biocontrol agents

et al. 2013

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Interaction Between the EntomopathogensBeauveria bassiana,Metarhizium anisopliaeandPaecilomyces fumosoroseusand the MycoparasitesClonostachysspp.,Trichoderma harzianumandLecanicillium lecanii

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Ubiquity of Insect-Derived Nitrogen Transfer to Plants by Endophytic Insect-Pathogenic Fungi: an Additional Branch of the Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Natural and released inoculum levels of entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol agents in soil in relation to risk assessment and in accordance with EU regulations

Mycoparasitism by Clonostachys byssicola and Clonostachys rosea on Trichoderma spp. from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and implication for the design of mixed biocontrol agents

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