1 Rings of bovine left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) were contracted with the thromboxane A2-mimetic, U46619 (1-30 nM), to approximately 40% of their maximum contraction to 125 mM KCI Krebs solution (KPSSma,,) 6.27 + 0.11) and the B2 receptor antagonist Hoe-140 (pA2, 9.63 + 0.14), respectively. 3 At 3 h of in vitro incubation, the sensitivity (pEC5o, 7.45 + 0.10) and Rmax (84.6 + 3.3%) to des-Arg9-BK were significantly less than those obtained in the same tissues at 6 h (pEC50, 7.94±0.06; Rma,, 91.4 + 2.5%), whereas endothelium-dependent relaxations to BK and ACh were unaffected by incubation time. 4 Relaxation responses to des-Arg9-BK, but not BK, at both 3 h and 6 h were significantly attenuated by the protein synthesis inhibitors, cycloheximide (30 and 100 gM) and actinomycin D (2 gM).5 At 6 h, the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, N0-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG, 100 ,M), caused a significant 2 fold decrease in pEC50 (9.58 + 0.03) but had no effect on Rmax for BK. For des-Arg9-BK, L-NOARG (100 gM) caused a marked and significant decrease in both the pEC50 and Rmax and revealed contractions to low concentrations of des-Arg9-BK. In both cases, L-NOARG inhibition was reversed in the presence of L-arginine (10 mM). 6 At 6 h, removal of the endothelium abolished relaxation responses to des-Arg9-BK and BK, and for des-Arg9-BK, but not BK, unmasked concentration-dependent contractions (pEC5o, 7.57+0.09; Rma, 83.4±9.1%). The sensitivity of contractions to des-Arg9-BK increased slightly from 3 h (pEC5o, 7.37 + 0.08) to 6 h (pEC50, 7.62 + 0.12) of in vitro incubation; however, there was a small but significant depression in the maximum response over this time (Rmax, 126.8 + 8.5% and 103.3 ± 8.6% for 3 h and 6 h of incubation respectively). 7 In conclusion, the bovine LAD contains inducible B1 and constitutive B2 endothelial cell kinin receptors, both of which mediate endothelium-dependent relaxation partly via the release of NO. B1receptors were also present on the smooth muscle layer of the bovine LAD.