Interaction of O2 with the Fe0.84Cr0.16(001) surface studied by photoelectron spectroscopy

Influence of minor alloying elements on the initial stages of oxidation of austenitic stainless steel materials

“…[34] While the oxidation of Fe is thermodynamically unfavorable, its greater mobility allows diffusion through the initial oxide layer and the formation of Fe-rich oxides near the gas-oxide interface. [8] This mechanism appears to be also operative on the investigated FeCrNi alloy surfaces, although no separation to Fe-and Cr-rich layers within the oxide was resolved by the analysis. The structural details of the initial oxide film (e.g.…”

“…This may result from the greater mobility of Fe which leads to the formation of Fe-rich oxides at the outermost surface. [8] Figure 2 demonstrates the method outlined in the Experimental Section for analysis of the measured Fe 2p 3/2 and Cr 2p 3/2 spectra. Binding energy differences between the respective oxide and metal components were +1.6 eV for Fe 2+ , +3.4 eV for Fe 3+ , and +2.5 eV for Cr 3+ .…”

“…The oxide layers are likely to contain mixed Fe-Cr oxides similar to those found on FeCr alloys. [8,11] Determining whether these oxides resemble bulk spinels such as FeCr 2 O 4 would require structural information which was not available from the PES analysis.…”

Applications of Surface Science to Solid Lubricants

“…The implications of this "paradox" have been the subject of numerous scientific and practical investigations [8][9][10][11][12], and a reasonable picture of the mechanism by which the material functions is beginning to emerge. It is emphasized that this understanding is forthcoming from the results of surface science studies, both spectroscopic investigations of electronic structure and bo.,ding and microscopic examinations of atomic arrangements, crystal structure, and morphology [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Some recent theoretical interpretations of the surface science results have also proved extremely valuable [27,28].…”

AES of thin oxide layers on a duplex stainless steel surface

“…However, any insight into the nano-and atomic-scale oxidation and segregation phenomena on the alloy surface remains rather limited, despite its fundamental and technological importance. Surface analytical studies related to these processes on stainless steels have been conducted predominantly on the oxide layers formed ex situ, although in some in situ studies the initial oxidation of FeCr and FeCrNi single crystals [7,8] and of simple polycrystalline alloys [9,10] were investigated. Recent publications have also presented investigations of the low-temperature oxidation of austenitic stainless steel and duplex stainless steels.…”