Interactions Between Fatty Acids and Arginine Metabolism: Implications for the Design of Immune‐Enhancing Diets

Abstract

Different prostaglandins significantly alter the metabolism of arginine. Prostaglandins from omega-6 fatty acids increases arginase I expression. By decreasing arginase I expression, prostaglandins from omega-3 fatty acids may increase available arginine. The specific combinations of dietary fatty acids and arginine should be considered when tailoring dietary regimens.

Arginine is Essential in Reversing Prostaglandin E2 T-Cell Suppression by Hypertonic Saline

“…Additionally, arginase I and iNOS not only compete for arginine but can also inhibit each others activity [26,31,32]. In our experiments, nitrite levels and iNOS expression were up-regulated in PGE 2 stimulated Jurkat cells.…”

Involvement of EP1 and EP2 receptors in the regulation of the Na,K-ATPase by prostaglandins in MDCK cells

“…Our Western analysis also indicates that EP3 and EP4 receptors are present in MDCK cells. Previously studies indicate that in the kidney, EP3 is localized primarily in the collecting duct and thick ascending limb, while EP4 is primarily in the glomerulus [46].…”

“…Another proposed site for stimulatory effects of renal prostalandins on Na + absorption is the distal tubule [46]. Indeed, enhanced Na,K-ATPase activity has been reported in isolated microdisected rat distal tubules following PGE 2 treatment [55].…”

Perioperative immunonutrition

“…In this regard, z chain expression has been utilized as an important biomarker of arginine deficiency. Fish oil acts synergistically in correcting the arginine deficiency state by inhibiting arginase-1 [10]. In fact, the ability of immunonutrition to reduce infectious complications appears to require administration of both arginine and fish oil [11].…”