“…These models are very easy and simple to solve, and they are frequently used (Ayturk, Kazantzis, & Ma, 2009;Caravella, Di Maio, & Di Renzo, 2008;Gosiewski, Warmuzinski, & Tanczyk, 2010;Huppmeier, Baune, & Thoming, 2008;Patel & Sunol, 2007;Simakov & Sheintuch, 2011). One-dimensional models (1D) consider only the gradient in the axial direction.…”