Interactions of Organic Acids with Salmonella Strains from Feedlot Water-Sprinkled Cattle

Beier, Ross C.; Callaway, odd R.; Andrews, Kathleen; Poole, Toni L.; Crippen, Tawni L.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.

doi:10.17756/jfcn.2017-038

Cited by 10 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This indicated that organic acids are the nature of antimicrobial substance presented in WM36-CFCS. This concurs with previous studies by several authors, where organic acids in LAB, including WM36-CFCS, may exert antimicrobial activity vs. various serotypes of Salmonella growth (Beier et al, 2017;Koyuncu et al, 2013;Mani-Lopez, García & López-Malo, 2012;Van Immerseel et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi

Pelyuntha

Chaiyasut

Kantachote

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, causes serious systemic disease in humans. Antibiotic treatment is required for the S. Typhi infection, while the inappropriate use of antibiotics causes increased drug-resistant S. Typhi. Hence, alternative therapies through non-antibiotic approaches are urgently needed. The use of beneficial lactic acid bacterium and/or its metabolites to control typhoid fever represent a promising approach, as it may exert protective actions through various mechanisms. Method In this study, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Weissella confusa WM36 was evaluated via the antibacterial activity, and its metabolites were identified. In addition, the effects of CFCS on Salmonella virulence behaviors were also investigated. Result Based on strong inhibition the growth of S. Typhi DMST 22842, organic acids (lactic acid and acetic acid) and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4 DTBP), were the main antibacterial metabolites presented in CFCS of strain WM36. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 40% WM36–CFCS dramatically reduced the S. Typhi population to more than 99.99% at 4 h and completely inhibited biofilm formation, while sub-MIC at 20% (v/v) and MIC could reduce 100% of motility. Additionally, sub-MIC at only 10% (v/v) WM36–CFCS did down-regulate the expression of virulence genes which are responsible for the type-III secretion system, effector proteins, and quorum sensing system in this pathogen. Conclusion W. confusa WM36 and its metabolites are shown to be a promising candidates, and an effective approach against typhoid Salmonella burden.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi

Pelyuntha

Chaiyasut

Kantachote

et al. 2020

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This indicated that organic acids are the nature of antimicrobial substance presented in WM36-CFCS. This concurs with previous studies by several authors, where organic acids in LAB, including WM36-CFCS, may exert antimicrobial activity versus various serotypes of Salmonella growth (Beier et al, 2017;Koyuncu et al, 2013;Mani-Lopez, García & López-Malo, 2012;Van Immerseel et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Peer Review #2 of "Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi (v0.2)"

2020

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Background. Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative agent of typhoid fever, causes serious systemic disease in humans. Antibiotic treatment is required for the S. Typhi infection, while the inappropriate use of antibiotics causes increased drug-resistant S. Typhi. Hence, alternative therapies through nonantibiotic approaches are urgently needed. The use of beneficial lactic acid bacterium and/or its metabolites to control typhoid fever represent a promising approach, as it may exert protective actions through various mechanisms. Method. In this study, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Weissella confusa WM36 was evaluated via the antibacterial activity, and its metabolites were identified. In addition, the effects of CFCS on Salmonella virulence behaviors were also investigated. Result. Based on strong inhibition the growth of S. Typhi DMST 22842, organic acids (lactic acid and acetic acid) and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4 DTBP), were the main antibacterial metabolites presented in CFCS of strain WM36. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 40% WM36-CFCS dramatically reduced the S. Typhi population to more than 99.99% at 4 h and completely inhibited biofilm formation, while sub-MIC at 20% (v/v) and MIC could reduce 100% of motility. Additionally, sub-MIC at only 10% (v/v) WM36-CFCS did down-regulate the expression of virulence genes which are responsible for the type-III secretion system, effector proteins, and quorum sensing (QS) system in this pathogen. Conclusion. W. confusa WM36 and its metabolites are shown to be a promising candidates, and an effective approach against typhoid Salmonella burden.

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“…Since our experiments have a final total liquid volume of 100 μl in each well, to maintain a consistent bacterial concentration as suggested by the TREK Diagnostic Systems sensititre susceptibility test for Campylobacter , 200 μl of the 0.5 McFarland suspension was placed in tubes containing 11 ml of Sensititre™ cation adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth w/TES w/Lysed horse blood to provide 1 × 10 6 CFU/ml. Following the proper dilution of OAs to 50 μl in each well of the 96-well plates [ 40 ], 50 μl of the lysed horse blood diluted bacteria was layered in all 96-wells of the microplate. Briefly, the OA dilutions consisted of 50 μl of each OA solution placed in wells 1 and 2, and the well 2 solution was diluted 1:2 across a 96-well U-bottom Greiner bio-one microplate through column 11, and column 12 was used as the positive control [ 40 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies evaluated Escherichia coli O157:H7 [ 37 ], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [ 38 ], non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E . coli (non-O157 STECs) [ 39 ] and Salmonella enterica serovars [ 40 ] against OAs and clearly show that pH and levels of undissociated acids do not correlate with the MIC M s. However, levels of dissociated acids do closely correlate with the MIC M s. Also, a fully dissociable acid has been shown to cause the disintegration of the bacterial LPS layer [ 41 ]. During our previous studies it was observed that a decrease in the concentration of the dissociated acids may result in a large number of bacteria escaping disinfection [ 37 – 40 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of organic acids with Campylobacter coli from swine

et al. 2018

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Campylobacter coli is a bacterial species that is a major cause of diarrheal disease worldwide, and Campylobacter spp. are among the top 5 foodborne pathogens in the United States. During food production organic acids (OAs) are often used to remove bacteria from animal carcasses. The interactions of six OAs with 111 C. coli strains obtained from swine and retail pork chops were studied by determining the molar minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICMs) of the C. coli strains, and the pH at the MICMs. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation was used to calculate the concentrations of the undissociated and dissociated OAs at the MICMs of the C. coli strains. The results for the 111 different C. coli strains obtained from different locations were treated as a single group for each OA since many of the C. coli strains behaved similarly to each different OA. Inhibition of C. coli was not dependent on pH or on the undissociated OA species, but C. coli inhibition correlated with the dissociated OA species. Therefore, if the concentration of the dissociated OAs decreases from optimum, one may then expect that C. coli bacteria would escape disinfection. The concentration of the dissociated OA should be carefully controlled in a carcass wash. We suggest maintaining a concentration of the dissociated acetic, butyric, citric, formic, lactic and propionic acids at 29, 23, 11, 35, 22 and 25 mM, respectively, when using a carcass wash with these OAs to remove C. coli bacteria. However, due to C. coli utilization of acetate, formate, lactate and propionate, these four OAs may not be the best choice to use for a carcass wash to remove C. coli contamination. Of the six OAs, citric acid was the most efficient at inhibiting C. coli.

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Interactions of Organic Acids with Salmonella Strains from Feedlot Water-Sprinkled Cattle

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi

Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi

Peer Review #2 of "Organic acids and 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol: major compounds of Weissella confusa WM36 cell-free supernatant against growth, survival and virulence of Salmonella Typhi (v0.2)"

Interactions of organic acids with Campylobacter coli from swine

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