Interactive effect of calcined eggshell and montmorillonite on the characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol blends

Abstract

The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of calcined eggshell and montmorillonite (MMT) on the mechanical‐physico properties and thermal characteristics of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) blends. The increasing of calcined eggshell loading level up to 2 phr has gradually tensile strength of PVOH and PVOH/MMT blends. The MMT particles in PVOH matrix were observed to effectively intercalate into polymer matrix of 2 phr calcined eggshell added PVOH/MMT blends with the increasing of d‐spacing of deflection peak (002). Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the greater dispersion of calcined eggshell particles in PVOH matrix for both PVOH blends and PVOH/MMT blends at low loading levels of calcined eggshell (<3 phr). The incorporation of low calcined eggshell loading levels (≤2 phr) has significantly increased the melting temperature and enthalpy of melting of PVOH and PVOH/MMT blends, indicating the good interaction effect (intermolecular bonding) between calcined eggshell and PVOH matrix. In conclusion, the addition of calcined eggshell at lower loading levels has significant improvement effect on the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of both PVOH and PVOH/MMT blends. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 24:324–338, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

Study of the structure and thermal characteristics of nanocomposites based on polyvinyl alcohol and intercalated montmorillonite

“…Thus, it been established that composites based on PVA with PVP intercalated MMT (ratio of 12:1) have higher thermal stability than the initial PVA or composites with unmodified MMT. There are studies 20 in which the thermal and mechanical properties of the PVA/MMT mixture were increased by the addition of calcined eggshells to the composite. The authors explain the improvement of the properties by blocking hydrogen atoms in the PVA hydroxyl groups.…”

“…Bee et al 20 investigated the effect of calcined eggshell and MMT on the physicomechanical properties and thermal characteristics of PVA blends. The addition of MMT particles significantly reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break of PVA blends.…”

Investigation of Calcination of Sepia officinalis Cuttlefish Bone for Reinforcement of Polyvinyl Alcohol Added Nano-Size Montmorillonite

“…For example, natural fillers have been introduced to biopolymers to minimize the production cost. Natural fillers can be found from industrial or agricultural waste, such as fish bones, chicken bones, and eggshell, which can be incorporated in the polymer matrix [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The reason natural fillers are selected is due to their low density, high availability, renewability, and low energy consumption compared to synthetic fillers.…”

High‐temperature stabilization of polypropylene using hindered phenol–thioester stabilizer combinations, Part 1: Optimization and efficacy via nondust blends

“…Also, in the light of other work on premelt blended additives in PVC, [11] enhanced thermal stability is more likely associated with additives forming weakly bonded complexes, giving rise to higher localized efficacy. One other method to improve stabilization involves the use of controlled release systems in which the stabilizers are melt-blended together with high-surface-area inorganic substrates such as silica and montmorillonites to control release and volatility, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and this will be elucidated in Part 2. This is based on several studies showing enhanced mechanical and thermal performances on the properties of numerous polymer materials.…”

“…This is based on several studies showing enhanced mechanical and thermal performances on the properties of numerous polymer materials. [28][29][30][31] 2 | EXPERIMENTAL…”