Interactive Omnidirectional Video Delivery: A Bandwidth-Effective Approach

Alface, Patrice Rondão; Macq, Jean-Franois; Verzijp, Nico

doi:10.1002/bltj.20538

Cited by 97 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This software was developed for iOS and is publicly available for download 6 . It renders omnidirectional images with OpenGL using perspective projection and bi-cubic interpolation.…”

Section: B Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the performance of objective metrics for omnidirectional visual content

Upenik

Řeřábek

Ebrahimi

2017

2017 Ninth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)

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Abstract-Omnidirectional image and video have gained popularity thanks to availability of capture and display devices for this type of content. Recent studies have assessed performance of objective metrics in predicting visual quality of omnidirectional content. These metrics, however, have not been rigorously validated by comparing their prediction results with groundtruth subjective scores. In this paper, we present a set of 360-degree images along with their subjective quality ratings. The set is composed of four contents represented in two geometric projections and compressed with three different codecs at four different bitrates. A range of objective quality metrics for each stimulus is then computed and compared to subjective scores. Statistical analysis is performed in order to assess performance of each objective quality metric in predicting subjective visual quality as perceived by human observers. Results show the estimated performance of the state-of-the-art objective metrics for omnidirectional visual content. Objective metrics specifically designed for 360-degree content do not outperform conventional methods designed for 2D images.

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“…This software was developed for iOS and is publicly available for download 6 . It renders omnidirectional images with OpenGL using perspective projection and bi-cubic interpolation.…”

Section: B Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, a suitable compression algorithm must take into account the intrinsic spherical nature of omnidirectional content. Recent studies on compression attempt to improve its efficiency by addressing geometrical representations [4][5], adaptive delivery [6] [7], and spherical nature of the visual content [8] [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the performance of objective metrics for omnidirectional visual content

Upenik

Řeřábek

Ebrahimi

2017

2017 Ninth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)

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“…Moreover, we will investigate the applicability of video quality metrics, similarly to the approach used by Alface et al [14], to quantify the impact of tiling on user perception. To this extent, a subjective user study will be carried out to further analyze the trade-o between bandwidth savings and user experience in tiled VR streaming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An HTTP/2-Based Adaptive Streaming Framework for 360° Virtual Reality Videos

Petrangeli

Swaminathan

Hosseini

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 25th ACM International Conference on Multimedia

140

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Virtual Reality (VR) devices are becoming accessible to a large public, which is going to increase the demand for 360°VR videos. VR videos are often characterized by a poor quality of experience, due to the high bandwidth required to stream the 360°video. To overcome this issue, we spatially divide the VR video into tiles, so that each temporal segment is composed of several spatial tiles. Only the tiles belonging to the viewport, the region of the video watched by the user, are streamed at the highest quality. The other tiles are instead streamed at a lower quality. We also propose an algorithm to predict the future viewport position and minimize quality transitions during viewport changes. The video is delivered using the server push feature of the HTTP/2 protocol. Instead of retrieving each tile individually, the client issues a single push request to the server, so that all the required tiles are automatically pushed back to back. This approach allows to increase the achieved throughput, especially in mobile, high RTT networks. In this paper, we detail the proposed framework and present a prototype developed to test its performance using real-world 4G bandwidth traces. Particularly, our approach can save bandwidth up to 35% without severely impacting the quality viewed by the user, when compared to a traditional non-tiled VR streaming solution. Moreover, in high RTT conditions, our HTTP/2 approach can reach 3 times the throughput of tiled streaming over HTTP/1.1, and consistently reduce freeze time. These results represent a major improvement for the e cient delivery of 360°VR videos over the Internet.

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“…Main omnidirectional encoding schemes focus either on geometrical transformations [1], partial adaptive content delivery [2], or spherical nature of the picture [3]. Nevertheless, neither objective nor subjective quality evaluations of omnidirectional content have been thoroughly investigated yet.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testbed for subjective evaluation of omnidirectional visual content

Upenik

Řeřábek

Ebrahimi

2016

2016 Picture Coding Symposium (PCS)

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Abstract-Omnidirectional visual content is a form of representing graphical and cinematic media content which provides subjects with the ability to freely change their direction of view. Along with virtual reality, omnidirectional imaging is becoming a very important type of the modern media content. This brings new challenges to the omnidirectional visual content processing, especially in the field of compression and quality evaluation. More specifically, the ability to assess quality of omnidirectional images in reliable manner is a crucial step to provide a rich quality of immersive experience. In this paper we introduce a testbed suitable for subjective evaluations of omnidirectional visual contents. We also show the results of a conducted pilot experiment to illustrate the applicability of the proposed testbed.

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Interactive Omnidirectional Video Delivery: A Bandwidth-Effective Approach

Cited by 97 publications

References 10 publications

On the performance of objective metrics for omnidirectional visual content

On the performance of objective metrics for omnidirectional visual content

An HTTP/2-Based Adaptive Streaming Framework for 360° Virtual Reality Videos

Testbed for subjective evaluation of omnidirectional visual content

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