Interband cascade laser on silicon

Spott, Alexander; Stanton, Eric J.; Torres, A.; Davenport, Michael; Canedy, C. L.; Vurgaftman, I.; Kim, Mijin; Kim, Chul Soo; Merritt, Charles D.; Bewley, W. W.; Meyer, J. R.; Bowers, John E.

doi:10.1364/optica.5.000996

Cited by 57 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In 2018, UCSB and NRL demonstrated the first ICLs integrated on silicon, which were heterogeneously bonded to a silicon on insulator (SOI) platform using methods analogous to those applied earlier to the integrated QCLs [220]. Figure 22a shows a top view of the cavity, in which the central ICL mesa provides gain within a hybrid waveguide, and the tapers at each end are designed to provide coupling to passive silicon waveguides.…”

Section: Photonic Integrated Circuits Incorporating Icls and Icdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) 3D schematic of an ICL heterogeneously integrated on silicon, showing the tapered regions designed to couple light between the hybrid and silicon waveguides; (b) cross-sectional schematic of the hybrid III-V/Si active region; (c) active region cross-section overlaid with contour plots of the TE00 and TE10 electric field profiles. Reproduced from Ref [220],. with the permission of OSA Publishing.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Interband Cascade Laser

et al. 2020

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We review the history, development, design principles, experimental operating characteristics, and specialized architectures of interband cascade lasers for the mid-wave infrared spectral region. We discuss the present understanding of the mechanisms limiting the ICL performance and provide a perspective on the potential for future improvements. Such device properties as the threshold current and power densities, continuous-wave output power, and wall-plug efficiency are compared with those of the quantum cascade laser. Newer device classes such as ICL frequency combs, interband cascade vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, interband cascade LEDs, interband cascade detectors, and integrated ICLs are reviewed for the first time.

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Section: Photonic Integrated Circuits Incorporating Icls and Icdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The Interband Cascade Laser

et al. 2020

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“…Integrated optical light sources are typically based on quantum cascade or interband cascade lasers (QCL, ICL) [24,111]. The heterogeneous integration of those devices with Si-Ph platforms allows for full on-chip gas detection systems [112][113][114]. The combination of high quality active and passive components allows the use of all the discussed advanced spectroscopic methods: balanced detection, WMS and cavity enhanced spectroscopy.…”

Section: Mid-wavelength Infrared (Mir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Hänsel

Heck

2020

J. Phys. Photonics

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In this article, the potential of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for modern gas sensing applications is discussed. Optical detection systems can be found at the high-end of the currently available gas detectors, and PIC-based optical spectroscopic devices promise a significant reduction in size and cost. The performance of such devices is reviewed here. This discussion is not limited to one semiconductor platform, but includes several available platforms operating from the visible wavelength range up to the long wavelength infrared. The different platforms are evaluated regarding their capabilities in creating a fully integrated spectroscopic setup, including light source, interaction cell and detection unit. Advanced spectroscopy methods are assessed regarding their PIC compatibility. Based on the comparison of PICs with state-of-the-art bulk optical devices, it can be concluded that they can fill the application space of compact and low cost optical gas sensors.

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“…While others have developed QCL growth directly on Si, the laser performance reduced compared to lasers grown on a native substrate [16,17]. The heterogeneous platform is ideal for on-chip spectral beam combining to create high-brightness sources for the mid-IR [18,19], with the option of incorporating lasers emitting in other spectral bands, such as interband cascade lasers (ICLs) emitting between 3 and 4 µm [20], on the same chip. An important component of this platform is the arrayed waveguide grating, which has already been demonstrated using an off-chip source for multiplexing with low loss at 3.8 µm on the Si-on-insulator (SOI) platform [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Spectral Quantum Cascade Lasers on Silicon With Integrated Multiplexers

et al. 2019

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Multi-spectral midwave-infrared (mid-IR) lasers are demonstrated by directly bonding quantum cascade epitaxial gain layers to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguides with arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers. Arrays of distributed feedback (DFB) and distributed Bragg-reflection (DBR) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting at ∼4.7 µm wavelength are coupled to AWGs on the same chip. Low-loss spectral beam combining allows for brightness scaling by coupling the light generated by multiple input QCLs into the fundamental mode of a single output waveguide. Promising results are demonstrated and further improvements are in progress. This device can lead to compact and sensitive chemical detection systems using absorption spectroscopy across a broad spectral range in the mid-IR as well as a high-brightness multi-spectral source for power scaling.

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Interband cascade laser on silicon

Cited by 57 publications

References 31 publications

The Interband Cascade Laser

The Interband Cascade Laser

Opportunities for photonic integrated circuits in optical gas sensors

Multi-Spectral Quantum Cascade Lasers on Silicon With Integrated Multiplexers

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