2013
DOI: 10.1002/2013jc009166
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Interface structure and flux laws in a natural double-diffusive layering

Abstract: The diffusive regime of double‐diffusive convection generates staircases consisting of thin high‐gradient interfaces sandwiched between convectively mixed layers. Simultaneous microstructure measurements of both temperature and conductivity from the staircases in Lake Kivu are used to test flux laws and theoretical models for double diffusion. Density ratios in Lake Kivu are between one and ten and mixed layer thicknesses on average 0.7 m. The larger interface thickness of temperature (average 9 cm) compared t… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(64 citation statements)
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“…Double-diffusive staircases are found below~100 m depth containing up to 300 interfaces and mixed layers [Newman, 1976;Schmid et al, 2010;Sommer et al, 2013a]. An algorithm was used to extract the T and S properties of 9401 interfaces and adjacent mixed layers from the temperature and conductivity profiles.…”
Section: Lake Kivu Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Double-diffusive staircases are found below~100 m depth containing up to 300 interfaces and mixed layers [Newman, 1976;Schmid et al, 2010;Sommer et al, 2013a]. An algorithm was used to extract the T and S properties of 9401 interfaces and adjacent mixed layers from the temperature and conductivity profiles.…”
Section: Lake Kivu Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It follows that the density flux ratio can also be rewritten as R 0 F 5R 0 q s r [e.g., Sommer et al, 2013], where R 0 q is defined by equation (6) using the differences across the step.…”
Section: 1002/2015jc010970mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The destabilizing temperature increase toward the sediment is caused by geothermal heating and various warm subaquatic springs. Lake Kivu is an ideal system for studying double diffusion with approximately 300 well-mixed layers distributed almost throughout the entire water column [Newman, 1976;Schmid et al, 2010;Sommer et al, 2013].…”
Section: Lake Kivumentioning
confidence: 99%
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