Interleukin‐1 Gene Cluster Polymorphisms Associated With Periodontal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Periodontitis was significantly associated with some IL-1 gene polymorphisms. No association between diabetes and IL-1A and -1B gene polymorphisms was found.

Association between IL-1α rs17561 and IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphisms and periodontitis: a meta-analysis

“…IL-1α is mainly produced by keratinocytes of the junctional or pocket epithelium, and is a mediator of local inflammation, regulating intracellular events (Dinarello, 2002). In the current study, the IL-1α rs17561 polymorphism showed a strong association with periodontitis (Rogers et al, 2002;Wagner et al, 2007;López et al, 2009). However, several other authors have been unable to demonstrate any such relationship (Anusaksathien et al, 2003;Sakellari et al, 2003;Brett et al, 2005;Kobayashi et al, 2007;Ferreira Jr. et al, 2008).…”

Does It Make Sense that Diabetes is Reciprocally Associated with Periodontal Disease?

“…If this occurs, even a few bacteria may determine an overactivation of osteoclasts resulting in an increased degradation of periodontium and bone tissue [95]. Patients with elevated IL-1 levels usually require particularly aggressive treatment.…”

Genetics of Endothelial Damage Associated to Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

“…In Chilean type 1 diabeti c s u b j e c t s w i t h a n d without aggressive periodontitis the TNF-SNP at position -308 was assessed, but no association between this SNP and periodontitis was found (Pérez et al, 2004). In a different Chilean population, no significant differences in IL-1A -899, -1B +3954, or -1RN genotype frequencies were found between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes (López et al, 2009). Interestingly, however, periodontitis was significantly associated with some specific IL-1 gene polymorphisms, such as the IL-1A -889 TT, IL-1B +3954 TT and IL-1B -511 CC genotypes (López et al, 2009).…”

“…In a different Chilean population, no significant differences in IL-1A -899, -1B +3954, or -1RN genotype frequencies were found between patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes (López et al, 2009). Interestingly, however, periodontitis was significantly associated with some specific IL-1 gene polymorphisms, such as the IL-1A -889 TT, IL-1B +3954 TT and IL-1B -511 CC genotypes (López et al, 2009). Periodontitis is also a known risk factor for CVD.…”

“…These factors include oral hygiene ⁄ bacterial plaque, smoking and stress that may exacerbate the inflammatory pathology associated with periodontitis. Since diabetes is a proinflammatory state, increased levels of circulating cytokines suggest a causal role for inflammation in its etiology (López et al, 2009). The activation of the broad axis of innate immunity through up-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines from monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes includes IL-1 , IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) and prostaglandin E 2 .…”