Internal auditing in the Middle East and North Africa: A literature review

Is the type of outsourced internal audit function provider associated with audit efficiency? Empirical evidence from Oman

“…Therefore, companies are motivated to outsource all or some of the IAF activities to overcome these constraints (PWC, ). Although the IAF has attracted the attention of various stakeholders here, empirical research is still required (Al‐Akra et al, ). Thus, the current study fills this gap by investigating how the type of IAF external provider (Big4 or non‐Big4) is associated with audit efficiency for companies listed on the Omani capital market.…”

“…E/12/2009) that clarifies 13 types of nonaudit service permitted after audit committee (AC) approval: divestiture advisory, investigations, anti-money laundering and terrorist financing, process improving services, capital adequacy and regulatory reporting requirements, corporate risk management, CG, regulatory assistance services, enterprise resource planning controls integration, information technology security, vendor-initiated due diligence, nonexecutive search, and taxation. attracted the attention of various stakeholders here, empirical research is still required (Al-Akra et al, 2016). Thus, the current study fills this gap by investigating how the type of IAF external provider (Big4 or non-Big4) is associated with audit efficiency for companies listed on the Omani capital market.…”

“…Finally, the GCCs, and Oman in particular, have experienced major reforms in relation to IAF; for example, the requirement for the establishment of an internal audit department for listed companies (CMA, ). However, this region suffers from a shortage of skilled staff with the required expertise (Barclay Simpson, ; UAE Internal Auditors Association, ) and from difficulties in preserving IAF objectivity (Al‐Akra, Abdel‐Qader, & Billah, ). Therefore, companies are motivated to outsource all or some of the IAF activities to overcome these constraints (PWC, ).…”

Breaking the silence: An empirical analysis of the drivers of internal auditors' moral courage

“…We aimed to fill this gap by examining the effect of positive states (self‐efficacy, state hope and resilience), internal auditor's independence and perceived supervisor support (PSS) on internal auditors' moral courage to speak up when they encounter wrongdoings. Additionally, the examination of the Tunisian context makes a particular contribution to the internal auditing works related to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), as little research has been conducted in this region (Al‐Akra, Abdel‐Qader, & Billah, ).…”

دراسة تحلیلیة لإطار قرار إعتماد المراجع الخارجی على عمل المراجع الداخلی مع دراسة میدانیة

“…Generally Accepted Auditing Standards2 The auditor must obtain a sufficient understanding of the entity and its environment, includeing its internal control, to assess the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements whether due to error or fraud, and to design the nature, timing, and extent of further audit procedures.…”