Interorgan communication by exosomes, adipose tissue, and adiponectin in metabolic syndrome

Kita, Satomi; Maeda, Norikazu; Shimomura, Iichiro

doi:10.1172/jci129193

Cited by 196 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(234 reference statements)

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“…This clearing process has the advantage to constrain the diffusion of cell debris and lipid drops that can cause damage to other cells, as well as limiting the clogging of individual macrophages with the remains of apoptosis [ 79 ]. The other mechanism is the use of exosomes or vesicles, which can transfer signals, proteins, nucleic acids, but also TAG between cells [ 80 , 81 ]. This (incomplete) list represents a wide panoply of mechanisms for transfer of 2C-based substrates, primarily between the splanchnic bed to peripheral tissues, for storage or direct utilization.…”

Section: C Substrates the Critical Conditioning Of The Lack Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Energy Partition: The Central Role of Glucose

Remesar

Alemany

2020

IJMS

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Humans have developed effective survival mechanisms under conditions of nutrient (and energy) scarcity. Nevertheless, today, most humans face a quite different situation: excess of nutrients, especially those high in amino-nitrogen and energy (largely fat). The lack of mechanisms to prevent energy overload and the effective persistence of the mechanisms hoarding key nutrients such as amino acids has resulted in deep disorders of substrate handling. There is too often a massive untreatable accumulation of body fat in the presence of severe metabolic disorders of energy utilization and disposal, which become chronic and go much beyond the most obvious problems: diabetes, circulatory, renal and nervous disorders included loosely within the metabolic syndrome. We lack basic knowledge on diet nutrient dynamics at the tissue-cell metabolism level, and this adds to widely used medical procedures lacking sufficient scientific support, with limited or nil success. In the present longitudinal analysis of the fate of dietary nutrients, we have focused on glucose as an example of a largely unknown entity. Even most studies on hyper-energetic diets or their later consequences tend to ignore the critical role of carbohydrate (and nitrogen disposal) as (probably) the two main factors affecting the substrate partition and metabolism.

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Section: C Substrates the Critical Conditioning Of The Lack Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Energy Partition: The Central Role of Glucose

Remesar

Alemany

2020

IJMS

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“…Vesicles with exosome-like structures were discovered by (38), while the true definition of exosomes was in 1983 (39). During the past decade, with the in-depth study of exosomes, it has been found that exosomes are involved in the development and prognosis of various diseases (40)(41)(42)(43)(44), and especially, play an irreplaceable role in tumor invasion (45), metastasis (46), and progression (47). Exosomes contain a variety of bioactive molecules, including proteins, RNAs, cholesterol, and lipids (24,(48)(49)(50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Exosome Biology and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome-Derived LncRNAs in Lung Cancer

Fan

Sun

2020

Front. Oncol.

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As extracellular vesicles, exosomes are released from most cells to perform cell-cell communication. Recent studies have shown that exosomes could be released into tumor microenvironment and blood to promote tumor progression through packaging and transmitting various bioactive molecules, such as cholesterol, proteins, lipids, miRNAs, mRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to distant cells. LncRNAs have emerged as a major class of non-coding transcripts. A lot of LncRNAs have been discovered during the past few years of research on genomics. They have been proven to participate in various biological functions and disease processes through multiple mechanisms. In this review, we analyzed the role of exosome-derived lncRNAs in lung carcinogenesis and metastasis. We also highlight opportunities for the clinical potential of exosomes with specific lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic intervention in lung cancer.

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“…Leptin (6,7), adiponectin (8)(9)(10), and a myriad of other peptidic mediators or lipid metabolites derived from adipocytes or from the stroma (called adipokines) exert critical endocrine functions that maintain energy balance by targeting the central nervous system and/or by modulating the metabolic activities of peripheral organs. The role of these molecules has been extensively reviewed (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%