Interplays of enzyme, substrate, and surfactant on hydrolysis of native lignocellulosic biomass

Alkaline pretreatment stands out as a valuable strategy in biomass conversion to overcome the recalcitrance of biomass by removing lignin and a part of hemicellulose. This enhances enzyme accessibility and promotes saccharification. However, increasing the alkaline concentration to enhance the delignification and improve glucose yield together presents inherent limitations. In this experiment the amount of delignification and glucose yield resulting from surfactant associated with sonication during mild alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus pellita was investigated. Also, the effect of various factors (sonication temperature and surfactant immersion time) on delignification and glucose yield were examined. The results demonstrated that surfactant associated with sonication pretreatment could overcome the limitation of alkaline pretreatment and could increase the amount of delignification alongside enzymatic hydrolysis glucose yield of Eucalyptus pellita wood by around 90%. The findings indicated that surfactant-assisted with sonication during mild alkaline pretreatment of Eucalyptus pellita (i.e., hardwood) could be recommended as a supporting pretreatment method for the production of monomeric sugars.

Section: Surfactant Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Surfactant Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Robust pretreatment in combination with ultrasound-assisted surfactant to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus pellita

Zhand,

Yang,

Kang

et al. 2024

“…To perform the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose, commercial enzymatic cocktails, such as Cellic CTec (cellulase) and Cellic HTec (xylanase) families, have emerged. The Cellic CTec cocktail stands out for having high βglucosidase activity in its composition, making it the protagonist in the production of reducing sugars in the process of bioethanol production (Lee et al 2021;Triwahyuni et al 2015). In addition, the Cellic HTec cocktail has excellent endoxylanase activity and selectivity for soluble hemicellulose, contributing to the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars.…”

Section: Enzymes Used In the Hydrolysis Of Lignocellulosic Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme technology in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass: Recent trends with a focus on immobilized enzymes

de Araújo,

Costa,

de Brito

et al. 2023

Enzyme immobilization is a useful tool to produce biocatalysts with improved performance, such as high activity, high stability at operational conditions, and easy recovery and reuse. In this context, the production of second-generation ethanol using immobilized enzymes was reviewed. Emphasis was placed on the pre-treatment and/or hydrolysis steps to increase efficiency and reduce the cost of the process. In addition, the process design of bioethanol using immobilized enzymes was critically reviewed. In the enzymatic pre-treatment, laccases, manganese peroxidases, lignin peroxidases, and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases are the main enzymes involved. When considering processes with heterogeneous biocatalysts, laccases are the most explored enzyme. In the hydrolysis step, cellulases and hemicellulases or a mixture of them are the main enzymes explored in the literature frequently using magnetic nanoparticles as support for enzyme immobilization. Although enzyme immobilization is a mature technology, the use of these biocatalysts is frequently limited to only one step of the bioethanol production process, such as pre-treatment or hydrolysis performed using Benchmark Technology. However, some recent papers have explored innovative design processes using a mixture of immobilized enzymes or co-immobilized enzymes to join some process steps, thereby decreasing the cost of enzymes and equipment.

“…Presumably, the presence of surfactant can ease the detachment of enzyme from such sites, thereby allowing it to be more effective in its enzymatic activity (Wang et al 2013;Fritz et al 2015). However, this mechanism has been called into question by some recent work (Lee et al 2021).…”

Section: Enzymatic Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detergency mechanisms and cellulosic surfaces: A review

Hubbe

Szlek

Vera

2022

The release of soils and impurities from cellulosic surfaces plays a critical role in such processes as the laundering of clothes and the deinking of wastepaper pulps. This article reviews publications that provide evidence about factors that affect such release and the mechanisms by which such factors operate. In general, cellulosic substrates provide advantages for the release of contaminants due to their hydrophilic nature and due to their permeability, allowing the transport of surfactants to contact interfaces with dirt. However, the same permeability of cellulosic material also provides opportunities for contaminants to work themselves into internal crevices and pores, from which they are difficult to remove. The article also reviews aspects of theory related to detergency and how those theories relate to the laundering, deinking, and purifying of substrates based on cellulose and related plant materials. Cellulose and some of its derivatives also can play a role in detergent formulation, especially as builders or as finishes placed on textile surfaces, which sometimes aid in the release of dirt.