Interspecific hybridization between <i>Brassica carinata</i> and <i>Brassica rapa</i>

Choudhary, B. R.; Joshi, P.; Ramarao, S.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00503.x

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…In addition to developing synthetic amphidiploids (Olsson 1960), interspecific crosses have been exploited to introgress desirable genes between the species (Roy 1984, Katiyar et al 1998), generating morpho-physiological variation (Prakash 1973a) and genetic diversity (Choudhary and Joshi 2001b). Non-homologous pairing between different Brassica genomes (Prakash 1973a, Mizushima 1980, Choudhary et al 2000 provides immense opportunities for generating variability and broadening the gene pool through interspecific hybridization. Many useful and novel variants have been selected from interspecific Brassica hybrids (Roy 1984, Lee and Namai 1994, Subudhi and Raut 1994.…”

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Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

2002

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Interspecific hybridization is an important tool to elucidate intergenomic relationships, transfer characters across species and develop synthetic amphidiploids, and it has been widely applied for improving brassicas. The objective of the present study was to create genetic variability in Brassica through interspecific hybridization. Crosses between Brassica juncea (AABB, 2n ¼ 36), and Brassica rapa (AA, 2n ¼ 20) vars toria, yellow sarson, and brown sarson were attempted, and the hybrid derivatives were advanced to the F 4 generation. Hybrids were obtained from the crosses B. juncea · toria and B. juncea · yellow sarson. The F 1 plants were vigorous and intermediate to the parents in many morphological traits. The meiotic study of AAB hybrids showed 10 II + 8 I in the majority (71.8%) of cells analysed. A maximum of 12 and a minimum of seven bivalents were also observed in a few cells. The occurrence of multivalent associations (trivalents to pentavalents) at diakinesis/metaphase I and a bridgefragment configuration at anaphase I were attributed to homoeology between A and B genomes. A high percentage of plants resembling B. juncea was observed in the F 2 generation. Transgressive segregation in both directions was found for plant height, primary branches, main raceme length, siliquae on main raceme, siliqua intensity, seeds per siliqua and seed yield. There were significant differences for the 14 characters in the F 4 derivatives. Moderate to high estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability, and expected genetic advance were found for seed yield, 1000-seed weight, siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua and days to flowering. Intergenomic recombination, reflected as wide variation in the hybrid progenies, permitted the selection of some useful derivatives.

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Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

2002

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“…One of the four hybrid plants was completely male sterile while the remaining had 4.8, 8.6 and 10.9% stainable pollen respectively. The occurrence of maximum 11 bivalents as well as up to 44.8% cells with multivalent associations in the form of trivalents (0-2) and quadrivalents (0-1) in the trigenomic triploid hybrid (ABC, 2n = 7) revealed intergenomic homoelogy among A, B, and C genomes (Choudhary et al, 2000). The A and C genomes are closer to each other than either is to B genome (Pradhan et al, 1992;Axelsson et al, 2000).…”

Section: Bnc1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadening the genetic base of Abyssinian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) through introgression of genes from related allotetraploid species

Sheikh

Banga

2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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Brassica carinata (BBCC, 2n=34) has still to emerge as a major oilseed crop owing to poor agronomic attributes like long stature, long maturity duration and low seed yield. The restricted amount of genetic variability available in natural B. carinata necessitates utilization of new sources of variability for broadening its genetic base. Interspecific hybridization followed by selection in selfed and back cross progenies was employed to generate useful variability into B. carinata cv ˈPC5ˈ from elite lines of Brassica napus (AACC, 2n=38) and Brassica juncea (AABB, 2n=36). The morphological evaluation of 24 stable introgressed progenies revealed wide range of variability for key economic traits. The progenies with mean maturity duration of 161 ± 2.1 days, short stature of 139.5 ± 6.5 cm and seed yield per plant of 18.6 ± 2.0 g in comparison to the corresponding figures of 168 ± 4.6 days, 230.6 ± 12.7 cm and 12.0 ± 2.4 g in ˈPC5ˈ (recurrent parent) were recovered. Diversity analysis at morphological level revealed that 22 out of 24 stable introgressed progenies were grouped with B. carinata ˈPC5ˈ at average taxonomic distance of 1.19. The diversity at molecular level using 25 polymorphic and reproducible RAPD primers revealed that 19 out of 21 introgressed progenies grouped with B. carinata ˈPC5ˈ at a similarity coefficient of 0.68. The clusters in general represent a wide range of genetic diversity in the back cross lines of B. carinata as a result of introgression of genes from elite lines of B. napus and B. juncea parents.

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“…This holds for some relevant crops like wheat, cotton, and oilseed rape. In such situations, the extent of allosyndetic pairing has been frequently deduced from the number of meiotic configurations larger than expected if only autosyndetic pairing had taken place (e.g., Kerlan et al, 1993;Hussain et al, 1997;Choudhary et al, 2000). However, the occurrence of chiasmate associations between the crop and the wild genomes in these polyploid interspecific hybrids must be assessed by approaches ensuring that both types of pairing partners are cytologically distinguished, so the extent of crop-wild MI pairing can be accurately quantified.…”

Section: Potential Of Crop-to-wild Genetic Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of cytogenetic tools for studies in the crop-to-wild gene transfer scenario

Benavente

Cifuentes

Dusautoir³

et al. 2008

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Interspecific hybridization in plants is an important evolutionary phenomenon involved in the dynamics of speciation that receives increasing interest in the context of possible gene escapes from transgenic crop varieties. Crops are able to cross-pollinate with a number of wild related species and exchange chromosome segments through homoeologous recombination. In this paper, we review a set of cytogenetic techniques that are appropriate to document the different steps required for the stable introgression of a chromosome segment from a donor species (i.e., the crop) into a recipient species (i.e., the wild). Several examples in hybrids and derivatives are given to illustrate how these approaches may be used to evaluate the potential for gene transfer between crops and wild relatives. Different techniques, from classical chromosome staining methods to recent developments in molecular cytogenetics, can be used to differentiate genomes and identify the chromosome regions eventually involved in genetic exchanges. Some clues are also given for the study of fertility restoration in the interspecific hybrid forms.

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Interspecific hybridization between Brassica carinata and Brassica rapa

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

Cytogenetics of Brassica juncea×Brassica rapa hybrids and patterns of variation in the hybrid derivatives

Broadening the genetic base of Abyssinian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) through introgression of genes from related allotetraploid species

The use of cytogenetic tools for studies in the crop-to-wild gene transfer scenario

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