Intervenção multiprofissional em adultos com hipertensão arterial: ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Objective: assess the infl uence of an intervention, comprised of counseling related to health and aerobic physical training for lowering pressure values, in anthropometric indicators and in the adjustment of biochemical parameters in individuals with hypertension. Method: intervention study of the randomized clinical trial variety, with 42 individuals. The intervention-group followed the protocol of health counseling, nutrition and physical activity. Results: two intervention groups were considered: intervention-group (a) and intervention-group (b). Intervention-group (a) showed signifi cant decrease in measurements of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, of high-density lipoprotein parameters, hip circumference values and waist-hip ratio. Intervention-group (b) presented signifi cant decrease in systolic arterial pressure values. Conclusion: it was found that the health intervention in conjunction with physical activities were effective in decreasing and/or controlling values for pressure, biochemical and anthropometric indicators. Descriptors: Clinical Trial; Hypertension; Motor Activity; Cardiovascular Nursing; Health Education. RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a infl uência de uma intervenção, constituída por orientações relacionadas à saúde e treinamento físico aeróbio, na diminuição dos valores pressóricos, dos indicadores antropométricos e na adequação dos parâmetros bioquímicos de indivíduos com hipertensão. Método: estudo de intervenção do tipo ensaio clínico randomizado, com 42 indivíduos. O grupo-intervenção seguiu o protocolo de orientações de saúde e nutricionais e da realização de atividade física. Resultados: consideraram-se dois grupos de intervenção, grupo-intervenção (a) e grupo-intervenção (b). O grupo-intervenção (a) revelou diminuição signifi cativa dos valores de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, dos parâmetros de lipoproteína de alta densidade e dos valores de circunferência do quadril e relação cintura-quadril. O grupo-intervenção (b) apresentou diminuição signifi cativa para o valor de pressão arterial sistólica. Conclusão: destaca-se que a intervenção em saúde atrelada à atividade física mostrouse efi ciente na diminuição e/ou controle dos valores pressóricos, bioquímicos e dos indicadores antropométricos. Descritores: Ensaio Clínico; Hipertensão; Atividade Motora; Enfermagem Cardiovascular; Educação em Saúde. RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la infl uencia de una intervención consistente en orientaciones relativas a la salud y entrenamiento físico aeróbico, en la disminución de valores de presión, de indicadores antropométricos y en adecuación de parámetros bioquímicos de individuos con hipertensión. Método: estudio de intervención, tipo ensayo clínico randomizado, con 42 individuos. El grupo-intervención siguió el protocolo de orientaciones de salud, nutricionales y de realización de actividad física. Resultados: Se consideraron dos grupos de intervención: grupo-intervención (a) y grupo-intervención (b). El grupo-intervención (a) mostró disminución signifi cativa de valores de ...

Acessibilidade ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial na estratégia saúde da família

“…The frequency of home visits was one of the indicators of the organizational accessibility with worst evaluation, being classified as regular, resembling the study also carried out with people in treatment of HBP in the FHS (2) . Considering the promotion of health as a focus of the model of health care in Brazil, approaches to change the behavior and incentive to adopt the practices of self-care needs to break the hegemonic model, centered on the disease, for the wider recognition of people's needs (5,15) . However, health professionals can use home visits to understand how people take care of themselves and their families and how this knowledge about care interferes with the process of adherence to the drug treatment (5) .…”

“…It should be highlighted that the evaluation of accessibility to the treatment that involves the individual and their social network, from a comprehensive perspective, can favor the positive results of the actions carried out by the professionals. In an intervention study (15) conducted with people in treatment of HBP, the authors concluded that following the guidelines of the health professionals promoted autonomy of the people, according to adequate embracement, recognition and discussion of a better care plan for the user.…”

Cardiovascular risk stratification among hypertensive patients: the influence of risk factors

“…Thus, non-medicinal recommendations for the prevention and control of hypertension have emphasized healthy eating, low sodium and alcohol consumption, adequate potassium intake, sedentary lifestyle and smoking, and control of body weight (6,26) . The nurse's role in the control of hypertension allows a broadening of the approach to the treatment of hypertensive patients with a focus on non-drug measures, allowing a greater success of the therapeutic scheme and control of risk factors.…”

Individual interventions to improve adherence to pharmaceutical treatment, diet and physical activity among adults with primary hypertension. A systematic review protocol

“…7 14 28 29 In this sense, the health team in charge of PHC plays a key role in facing this problem 30 31 through individual teaching that may be offered through educational, behavioural and affective interventions, or a combination of the previous (multifaceted). 32 33 Although diverse studies [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] have shown their efficacy to improve adherence and hypertension control, a focus is required on the pharmacological component, and on life habits related to cardiovascular risk, like physical activity and diet. 34 42 There are different theoretical models to explain the phenomenon of adherence to therapeutic regime in patients with chronic disease, based mainly on individual health behaviour models 43 such as the theories of cognition and self-efficacy, models of belief in health, behavioural changes, motivation and self-regulation.…”