Interventions to prevent or cease electronic cigarette use in children and adolescents

Barnes, Courtney; Turon, Heidi; McCrabb, Sam; Hodder, Rebecca K; Yoong, Sze Lin; Stockings, Emily; Hall, Alix E; Bialek, Caitlin; Morrison, Jacob L; Wolfenden, Luke

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd015511.pub2

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…No adolescent vaping cessation studies were available to inform power calculations. 12 Therefore, the sample size calculations drew on abstinence rates from a young adult vaping cessation trial (24.1% treatment vs 18.6% control) 13 weighed against the high level of interest in quitting vaping among adolescents 8 and the lack of effectiveness of most adolescent smoking cessation interventions. 17 Thus, the study was powered to detect a treatment difference of 20% (intervention) vs 15% (control) with 80% power at 2-sided α = .05 with a randomized sample of 900 per group (1800 total) under intentionto-treat analysis.…”

Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Young e-cigarette users want to quit, 8 largely for health and social reasons, 9 and a majority try to quit each year, mostly unassisted or using unproven methods. 10 Although several vaping cessation programs are available 11 with evaluation efforts underway, 12 there are no published randomized trials of interventions to stop e-cigarette use among adolescents. 12 To fill this gap, a comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial (RCT) of a vaping cessation intervention for adolescents was conducted.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…10 Although several vaping cessation programs are available 11 with evaluation efforts underway, 12 there are no published randomized trials of interventions to stop e-cigarette use among adolescents. 12 To fill this gap, a comparative effectiveness randomized clinical trial (RCT) of a vaping cessation intervention for adolescents was conducted. Delivered via text message, the intervention was proven effective among young adults in the only vaping cessation trial published to date.…”

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A Vaping Cessation Text Message Program for Adolescent E-Cigarette Users

Graham,

Cha,

Jacobs

et al. 2024

JAMA

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ImportanceE-cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product among adolescents. Despite known harms of nicotine exposure among teens, there are no empirically tested vaping cessation interventions.ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of a text message program for nicotine vaping cessation among adolescents with assessment-only control.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA parallel, 2-group, double-blind, individually randomized clinical trial with follow-ups at 1 and 7 months after randomization was conducted from October 1, 2021, to October 18, 2023. Participants were recruited via social media ads; the intervention was delivered via text message; and assessments were completed online or by telephone. Eligible individuals were US residents aged 13 to 17 years who reported past 30-day e-cigarette use, were interested in quitting within 30 days, and owned a mobile phone with an active text message plan. To optimize study retention, all participants received monthly assessments via text message about e-cigarette use.InterventionsAssessment-only controls (n = 744) received only study retention text messages. Intervention participants (n = 759) also received an automated, interactive text message program for vaping cessation that delivers cognitive and behavioral coping skills training and social support.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was self-reported 30-day point-prevalence abstinence from vaping at 7 months analyzed as intention-to-treat, with missingness coded as vaping.ResultsAmong n = 1503 adolescents randomized, average age was 16.4 (SD, 0.8) years. The sample was 50.6% female, 42.1% male, and 7.4% nonbinary/other; 10.2% Black/African American, 62.6% White, 18.5% multiracial, and 8.7% another race; 16.2% Hispanic; 42.5% sexual minority; and 76.2% vaped within 30 minutes of waking. The 7-month follow-up rate was 70.8%. Point-prevalence abstinence rates were 37.8% (95% CI, 34.4%-41.3%) among intervention participants and 28.0% (95% CI, 24.9%-31.3%) among control participants (relative risk, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.17-1.57]; P &lt; .001). No baseline variables moderated the treatment-outcome relationship. There was no evidence that adolescents who quit vaping transitioned to combustible tobacco products.Conclusions and RelevanceA tailored, interactive text message intervention increased self-reported vaping cessation rates among adolescents recruited via social media channels.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04919590

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Section: Sample Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A Vaping Cessation Text Message Program for Adolescent E-Cigarette Users

Graham,

Cha,

Jacobs

et al. 2024

JAMA

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Effects of interventions to combat tobacco addiction: Cochrane update of 2021 to 2023 reviews

Livingstone‐Banks,

Lindson,

Hartmann‐Boyce

2024

Addiction

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AimsTo summarise systematic reviews on tobacco addiction published by the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group (CTAG) from 2021 to 2023.MethodsWe identified all new and updated Cochrane Reviews published by CTAG between 2021 and 2023. We present key results from these reviews and discuss promising avenues for future research.ResultsCTAG published five new reviews and one overview of reviews, and updated eight reviews. Review evidence showed that all main pharmacotherapies (varenicline, cytisine, bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], especially when patches are combined with fast acting forms like gum) are effective for smoking cessation, as are nicotine e‐cigarettes. Evidence suggested similar magnitude of effects of varenicline, cytisine, and nicotine e‐cigarettes; these emerged as the most effective treatments. Evidence also supported behavioural counselling and financial incentives for smoking cessation. Secondary analyses of the Cochrane review of e‐cigarettes for smoking cessation showed over half of participants assigned to e‐cigarette conditions were still using them at six months or longer, that biomarkers of potential harm significantly reduced in people switching from smoking to vaping or to dual use, and that there was insufficient evidence to draw associations between e‐liquid flavours and smoking cessation. Findings on mindfulness‐based interventions, interventions delivered by dental and primary care professionals, interventions to prevent weight gain after smoking cessation, and interventions for waterpipe cessation were less certain. Reviews of observational evidence showed that smoking cessation reduced cardiovascular events and mortality in people living with cardiovascular disease, and improved mental health.ConclusionsNicotine replacement therapy (especially patches combined with fast acting forms), varenicline, cytisine, bupropion, nicotine e‐cigarettes, behavioural counselling, and financial incentives are all effective ways to help people quit smoking. Quitting smoking improves mental health and reduces cardiovascular events and mortality in people living with cardiovascular disease.

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Interventions to prevent or cease electronic cigarette use in children and adolescents

Cited by 2 publications

References 81 publications

A Vaping Cessation Text Message Program for Adolescent E-Cigarette Users

A Vaping Cessation Text Message Program for Adolescent E-Cigarette Users

Effects of interventions to combat tobacco addiction: Cochrane update of 2021 to 2023 reviews

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