Intestinal Protein Loss and Bleeding Assessed by Fecal Hemoglobin, Transferrin, Albumin, and Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Levels in Patients with Colorectal Diseases

Saitoh, Osamu; Matsumoto, Hisashi; Sugimori, Kiyotaka; Sugi, Kazunori; Nakagawa, Ken; Miyoshi, Hirofumi; Hirata, Ichiro; Matsuse, Ryoichi; Uchida, Kazuo; Ohshiba, Saburo

doi:10.1159/000201224

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A measure of disturbed barrier function related to intestinal inflammation is faecal alpha 1-antitrypsin (α1-AT), which may be elevated in IBD 25 26. However, the reported accuracy does not suggest the use as a faecal surrogate marker in IBD 18 27. Over the last decades, more accurate faecal markers of inflammation have been introduced which are directly linked to the pathogenesis of IBD.…”

Section: Faecal Biomarkers Of Mucosal Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring disease activity by stool analyses: from occult blood to molecular markers of intestinal inflammation and damage

Foell

Wittkowski²,

Roth³

2009

Gut

193

166

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It is a common experience that gastrointestinal symptoms urge us to differentiate inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from functional disorders. Furthermore, in patients with proven IBD the disease activity has to be accurately monitored. Faecal markers of neutrophil influx into the mucosa are promising indicators of intestinal inflammation. Some neutrophil-derived proteins may be linked to the pathogenesis of IBD due to their functions as damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs). Phagocyte-specific DAMPs of the S100 family are released from neutrophils or monocytes, followed by pro-inflammatory activation of pattern recognition receptors. The complex of S100A8/S100A9 was termed "calprotectin" and has been in use as a faecal marker for 10 years. More recently, faecal S100A12 has been reported to be an even more accurate faecal marker of inflammation. We review the biology of this novel group of molecules which can be used as surrogate markers directly linked to the molecular mechanisms of gut inflammation.

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Section: Faecal Biomarkers Of Mucosal Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring disease activity by stool analyses: from occult blood to molecular markers of intestinal inflammation and damage

Foell

Wittkowski²,

Roth³

2009

Gut

193

166

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“…Protein-losing enteropathy is seen in relation to primary gastrointestinal disease, abnormalities of the lymphatic system, or cardiovascular disorders. It is reported to occur in inflammatory disorders directly affecting the gastrointestinal system such as Crohn's disease, 15 as well as in systemic autoimmune disorders not directly affecting the gut such as lupus erythematosis. 16 Inflammation appears to play an important role in PLE, a point I will return to later.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Manifestations Of Ple After Fontanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-Losing Enteropathy after Fontan Operation

Rychik¹

2007

Congenital Heart Disease

171

194

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A B S T R A C TProtein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is a poorly understood and enigmatic disease process affecting patients with single ventricle after Fontan operation. In those afflicted, PLE after Fontan operation results in significant morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of the disease is unknown; however, a proposed mechanism incorporates a combination of phenomena including: (1) altered hemodynamics, specifically low cardiac output; (2) increased mesenteric vascular resistance; (3) systemic inflammation; and (4) altered enterocyte basal membrane glycosaminoglycan make-up. A paradigm for the clinical management of PLE after Fontan operation is proposed.

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“…In Japan, immunological fecal occult blood testing with a target of hemoglobin (Hb) has often been used in screening for colorectal cancer [6] . Fecal occult blood testing is also useful in the diagnosis and evaluation of various colorectal diseases other than colorectal cancer [7][8][9] . However, Hb in feces is unstable, which can be a cause of false-negative cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usefulness of fecal lactoferrin and hemoglobin in diagnosis of colorectal diseases

Hirata

Hoshimoto²,

Saito³

et al. 2007

WJG

Self Cite

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AIM:To evaluate prospectively usefulness of fecal lactoferrin (Lf ) and fecal hemoglobin (Hb) in the diagnosis of colorectal diseases. METHODS:Fecal Lf and Hb were measured using ELISA in 872 patients before they underwent colorectal endoscopy. RESULTS:Lf was positive in 18 (50%) of 36 patients with colorectal cancer, 25 (15.9%) of 157 with colorectal polyps, 29 (46.8%) of 62 with ulcerative colitis, and 25 (62.5%) of 40 (62.5%) with Crohn's disease. The Hbpositive rates were 50%, 12.1%, 41.9% and 32.5%, respectively. Of the 318 patients free of abnormalities by colorectal endoscopy, Lf was positive in 29 (9.1%) and Hb was positive in 15 (4.7%). Among patients with Crohn's disease, the Lf-positive rate was significantly higher than the Hb-positive rate. If either high Lf or Hb levels were considered positive, the positive rates rose to 61.1%, 51.6%, and 67.5% in the colorectal cancer group, ulcerative colitis group, and Crohn's disease group, respectively. If both high Lf and Hb levels were rated positive, the positive predictive values (PPV) were 21% for colorectal cancer, 33% for ulcerative colitis, and 17% for Crohn's disease, and PPV of high Hb level alone was 18%, 25% and 13%, respectively. CONCLUSION:Fecal Lf and Hb were found useful in the detection of colorectal diseases, and the combination of the two measurements appears to increase the sensitivity and efficacy of diagnosis.

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Intestinal Protein Loss and Bleeding Assessed by Fecal Hemoglobin, Transferrin, Albumin, and Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Levels in Patients with Colorectal Diseases

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Monitoring disease activity by stool analyses: from occult blood to molecular markers of intestinal inflammation and damage

Monitoring disease activity by stool analyses: from occult blood to molecular markers of intestinal inflammation and damage

Protein-Losing Enteropathy after Fontan Operation

Usefulness of fecal lactoferrin and hemoglobin in diagnosis of colorectal diseases

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