“…Most cross-sectional studies investigated DV in the general population ( n = 14) ( 13 , 39 , 41 – 43 , 45 , 47 – 54 ), while some studies focused on specific samples ( n = 5) ( 37 , 38 , 40 , 44 , 46 ). Assessment of DV was heterogeneous regarding the methodological approach—five studies used validated questionnaires [i.e., (Extended-) Hurt, Insult, Threaten, Scream Scale [(E-)HITS]; Composite Abuse Scale Revised Short Form (CASR-SF); Domestic Violence Questionnaire (DVQ); Gay and Bisexual Men Intimate Partner Violence scale (IPV-GBM)] ( 38 , 40 , 44 , 45 , 54 ), nine studies relied on self-generated questions ( 13 , 39 , 41 – 43 , 49 , 50 , 52 , 53 ), five studies used scales from the “ WHO Multi-Country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence Against Women ” ( 37 , 47 ), the “ World Health Organization's Domestic Violence Questionnaire Screening Tool” ( 46 ), or DV self-generated questionnaires based on questionnaires developed by the WHO ( 48 , 51 ). Further, the majority utilized online surveys ( n = 14) ( 13 , 38 – 43 , 45 – 47 , 49 – 51 , 53 ), whereas some studies conducted in-person ( n = 2) ( 37 , 54 ) or telephone interviews ( n = 3) ( 44 , 48 , 52 ).…”