Into the basket and beyond: the journey of mRNA through the nuclear pore complex

Ashkenazy-Titelman, Asaf; Shav‐Tal, Yaron; Kehlenbach, Ralph H.

doi:10.1042/bcj20190132

Cited by 35 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 254 publications

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“…Abundantly found in nuclear speckles are also factors involved in mRNA export, namely, the TREX (TRanscription‐EXport) complex and proteins of the exon‐junction complex (EJC) that assemble on exon‐exon junctions after splicing. [ 77–87 ] Recruitment of the TREX complex to mRNA is splicing dependent, suggesting a connection between nuclear speckles and splicing. Export inhibition can be obtained by knocking down the levels of mRNA export factors.…”

Section: Mrna Export and Nuclear Specklesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speculating on the Roles of Nuclear Speckles: How RNA‐Protein Nuclear Assemblies Affect Gene Expression

Hasenson

Shav‐Tal

2020

BioEssays

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Nuclear speckles are eukaryotic nuclear bodies enriched in splicing factors. Their exact purpose has been a matter of debate. The different proposed roles of nuclear speckles are reviewed and an additional layer of function is put forward, suggesting that by accumulating splicing factors within them, nuclear speckles can buffer the nucleoplasmic levels of splicing factors available for splicing and thereby modulate splicing rates. These findings build on the already established model that nuclear speckles function as a storage/recycling site for splicing factors. Many studies have demonstrated proximity between nuclear speckles and sites of active transcription, suggesting that this juxtaposition can enhance the rates of gene expression. It is found that nuclear speckle disassembly increases splicing factor availability in the nucleoplasm, leading to an increase in splicing rates and faster release of nascent transcripts from the gene after transcription. Altogether, this era in which genomic and imaging approaches are applied to study nuclear organization has expanded the outlook on the possible roles of nuclear speckles.

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Section: Mrna Export and Nuclear Specklesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speculating on the Roles of Nuclear Speckles: How RNA‐Protein Nuclear Assemblies Affect Gene Expression

Hasenson

Shav‐Tal

2020

BioEssays

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“…The TRanscription and EXport (TREX) complex that is important for mRNA export is also deposited on the mRNA during transcription and while splicing occurs [ 59 , 60 , 61 ]. During lytic reactivation, the TREX component Aly/REF that is usually distributed in the nucleoplasm ( Figure S6A top row) was distributed in the whole nucleus ( Figure S6A bottom rows).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sub-Nuclear Localization of RNA-Binding Proteins in KSHV-Infected Cells

Alkalay

Refael

Shoval

et al. 2020

Cells

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RNA-binding proteins, particularly splicing factors, localize to sub-nuclear domains termed nuclear speckles. During certain viral infections, as the nucleus fills up with replicating virus compartments, host cell chromatin distribution changes, ending up condensed at the nuclear periphery. In this study we wished to determine the fate of nucleoplasmic RNA-binding proteins and nuclear speckles during the lytic cycle of the Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We found that nuclear speckles became fewer and dramatically larger, localizing at the nuclear periphery, adjacent to the marginalized chromatin. Enlarged nuclear speckles contained splicing factors, whereas other proteins were nucleoplasmically dispersed. Polyadenylated RNA, typically found in nuclear speckles under regular conditions, was also found in foci separated from nuclear speckles in infected cells. Poly(A) foci did not contain lncRNAs known to colocalize with nuclear speckles but contained the poly(A)-binding protein PABPN1. Examination of the localization of spliced viral RNAs revealed that some spliced transcripts could be detected within the nuclear speckles. Since splicing is required for the maturation of certain KSHV transcripts, we suggest that the infected cell does not dismantle nuclear speckles but rearranges their components at the nuclear periphery to possibly serve in splicing and transport of viral RNAs into the cytoplasm.

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“…The NB in Metazoa consists of three highly conserved nucleoporins (Figures 2 and 3): Tpr, Nup50 and Nup153 [50], with yeast Mlp1/2, Nup2 and Nup1/Nup60 as respective homologues [51][52][53]. Tpr/Mlp proteins are involved in RNA biogenesis, spindle pole assembly, regulation of transcription, chromatin remodelling and mRNA export [54].…”

Section: Pore Membrane Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and diversification of the nuclear pore complex

Макаров

Padilla-Mejía

Field

2021

Biochemical Society Transactions

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The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is responsible for transport between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm and one of the more intricate structures of eukaryotic cells. Typically composed of over 300 polypeptides, the NPC shares evolutionary origins with endo-membrane and intraflagellar transport system complexes. The modern NPC was fully established by the time of the last eukaryotic common ancestor and, hence, prior to eukaryote diversification. Despite the complexity, the NPC structure is surprisingly flexible with considerable variation between lineages. Here, we review diversification of the NPC in major taxa in view of recent advances in genomic and structural characterisation of plant, protist and nucleomorph NPCs and discuss the implications for NPC evolution. Furthermore, we highlight these changes in the context of mRNA export and consider how this process may have influenced NPC diversity. We reveal the NPC as a platform for continual evolution and adaptation.

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Into the basket and beyond: the journey of mRNA through the nuclear pore complex

Cited by 35 publications

References 254 publications

Speculating on the Roles of Nuclear Speckles: How RNA‐Protein Nuclear Assemblies Affect Gene Expression

Speculating on the Roles of Nuclear Speckles: How RNA‐Protein Nuclear Assemblies Affect Gene Expression

The Sub-Nuclear Localization of RNA-Binding Proteins in KSHV-Infected Cells

Evolution and diversification of the nuclear pore complex

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