Intra and inter-annual variation in seed rain in a secondary dry tropical forest excluded from chronic disturbance

Martínez‐Garza, Cristina; Osorio‐Beristain, Marcela; Valenzuela‐Galván, David; Nicolás-Medina, Alondra

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.013

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Under chronic disturbance, animals that depend on large arboreal cacti for food (i.e., bats, ants, bees, and butterfl ies) and perches or refuge (i.e., woodpecker) may move out affecting negatively many plant-animals interactions and the maintenance of diversity derived from them (Noy-Meir, 1974). For example, disturbed dry forests are usually dominated by trees with dry fruits dispersed by wind (Martínez-Garza et al, 2011) and therefore, these areas are not attractive to frugivores. One option to favour the coexistence of economic activities and biodiversity is to exclude fragments or medium size (e.g., ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within each locality, we selected three plots in each forest type with similar slopes (< 30%) and soil characteristics (J. Campo, unpublished data). These plots are part of a large project of restoration ecology which aims to favour the coexistence of biodiversity and the economic activities of the region using enrichment plantings and exclusion of disturbance (Martínez-Garza et al, 2011). Statistical Analysis.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In tropical dry forests, Cactaceae is the third most important family by number of species (Trejo-Vázquez, 1998); however, this family is seldom evaluated in this ecosystem, which is indeed the third one with the highest forest cover loss worldwide (Hansen et al, 2010). Given that tropical dry forests are dominated by wind-dispersed species, cacti represent an important source of fl eshy fruits for birds and bats during the dry season (Naranjo et al, 2003;Reyes-Agüero et al, 2006) when most of the tree species do not produce fruits (De León-Ibarra, 2005;Martínez-Garza et al, 2011). Therefore, the conservation of this family is crucial to maintain ecosystem processes, as trophic chains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 years, and later abandoned. The secondary forest has an average tree density (≥ 5 cm diameter at breast height: 1.3 m) of 264 ind./ha from 14 species, from which Acacia cochliacantha (Fabaceae), Ipomoea paucifl ora (Convolvulaceae), Acacia farnesiana (Fabaceae), and Mimosa benthamii (Fabaceae) are dominant (Martínez-Garza et al, 2011). These forests are chronically disturbed by anthropogenic activities: during the rainy season ca.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cacti community structure in a tropical Mexican dry forest under chronic disturbance

Arias-Medellín¹,

Flores‐Palacios²,

Martínez‐Garza³

2014

Bot. Sci.

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When agricultural lands in formerly dry forest are abandoned, chronic disturbance by livestock grazing and wood extraction may set back successional processes precluding older dry forest structure from be reached. We compare cacti density, richness, diversity and evenness in twelve 50 × 50 m plots: six plots in secondary dry forest and six plots in older conserved dry forest at Sierra de Huautla, Central Mexico. Cacti were identifi ed, the life-form of each species was recorded and size was measured to assign individuals into four life-stage classes. Nine cacti species were registered across both forest types. In this dry forest, richness, diversity and evenness of cacti community increased in sites under chronic disturbance, whereas density was not signifi cantly affected. Size structure at community level in the conserved forest showed an increase of individuals with size, whereas in the secondary forest, size structure showed an uneven distribution of individuals, as in populations that regenerate by pulses. In the secondary forest, there was a lower proportion of adults and they were in average, smaller than those in the conserved forest. Chronic disturbance may eventually change cacti community structure, affecting animals that depend on large arboreal cacti for food, perches and/or refuge; therefore, maintenance of biodiversity will be at stake. Key words: cattle ranching, Opuntia spp., Pachycereus grandis, restoration ecology, secondary dry forest, Sierra de Huautla.Resumen: Cuando las tierras de cultivo son abandonadas, la ganadería extensiva y la extracción de productos naturales son perturbaciones crónicas que puede afectar el proceso de sucesión natural que llevaría a la selva estacional a su estructura original. Se comparó la densidad, riqueza, diversidad y equitatividad de la comunidad de cactáceas en 12 parcelas de 50 × 50 m: seis parcelas localizadas en la selva secundaria y seis parcelas en la selva conservada en Sierra de Huautla, centro de México. Todas las cactá-ceas fueron identifi cadas, se registró su forma de vida y todos los individuos se clasifi caron en cuatro etapas de su ciclo de vida según el tamaño. Nueve especies de cactáceas fueron registradas en ambos tipos de selva. En esta selva estacional, la riqueza, diversidad y equitatividad de la comunidad de cactos aumentó en los sitios bajo perturbación crónica, mientras que la densidad no se vio afectada. En la selva conservada, la estructura de tamaños de la comunidad mostró un mayor número de individuos de tallas mayores, mientras que en la selva secundaria la estructura de tamaños mostró una distribución no uniforme de individuos, como sucede en poblaciones que muestran pulsos de regeneración. En la selva perturbada se registró una menor proporción de individuos adultos y estos fueron, en promedio, más pequeños que los registrados en la selva conservada. La perturbación crónica puede eventualmente cambiar la estructura de la comunidad de cactáceas con efectos negativos para los animales que dependen de la comida, perchas y ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cacti community structure in a tropical Mexican dry forest under chronic disturbance

Arias-Medellín¹,

Flores‐Palacios²,

Martínez‐Garza³

2014

Bot. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Collins and Smith, 2006). Moreover, academic journals and anthologies are replete with manipulative small-scale restoration experiments, what we call "restoration boutiques", including some by the authors (Howe et al, 2006;Martínez-Garza et al, 2011, 2013a and important attempts to critically examine the contribution of experiments to the practice of restoration (e.g. Cabin, 2011).…”

Section: Challenges Of Systemic Experimental Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration as experiment

Howe

Martínez‐Garza

2014

Bot. Sci.

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A menudo se intenta recrear hábitats degradados o destruidos por actividades antropogénicas mediante restauración por ensayo y error que no incluye réplicas. Los proyectos por ensayo y error son comunes y están basados en planes que incluyen “la mejor técnica disponible” para cada tipo hábitat. El manejo adaptativo incluye usar la experiencia y corregir errores durante el proceso. Este proceso es lento debido a que cada proyecto de restauración se encuentra ya muy avanzado antes de que se intenten realizar ajustes. En estos casos, rara vez se hacen pruebas que incluyan réplicas al inicio o durante el proceso de rectiﬁ cación. Aquí se propone “la restauración experimental sistémica”, que buscará diseñar desde el inicio plantaciones o áreas de manejo en proyectos públicos o comerciales que incluyan réplicas con tratamientos contrastantes. El uso de tratamientos alternativos permitirá la creación de parches que serán expresiones diferentes de una comunidad dentro de un mosaico de hábitats. Hacer réplicas de tratamientos contrastantes permitirá hacer inferencias acerca de las causas y los efectos del éxito o fracaso de un procedimiento a la escala de comunidades, paisajes y ecosistemas. El desarrollo de la ecología de la restauración como ciencia a largo plazo se verá beneﬁciado con la creación de comunidades semi-naturales que tendrán historias contrastantes, e invitará a los administradores y cientíﬁcos a crear proyectos valiosos, más allá de las metas explícitas de manejo o aquellas cientíﬁcas incluidas en un plan inicial. Si intencionalmente se integra heterogeneidad en el ambiente mediante planes de manejo, mosaicos de tratamientos sistémicos dentro y entre hábitats, facilitará que estos tengan respuestas múltiples a cambios impredecibles del clima y del uso de suelo.

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Temporal trade-off between territorial and thermoregulatory behaviors of a generalist lizard in a dry forest

Valencia-Esquivel,

Kiere,

Osorio-Beristain

2024

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Avoiding dangerously hot body temperatures is important for survival, but animals may perform reproductive behaviors at the expense of behaviors used to cool down (or vice-versa), resulting in a thermoregulation-reproduction trade-off. Although this trade-off has been demonstrated in semi-aquatic animals, it has not been studied in terrestrial ectotherms. This is an important research gap given the importance of survival-reproduction trade-offs in evolutionary ecology and the pace of habitat warming due to vegetation loss and global climate change. We explored this trade-off in territorial males of the lizard Sceloporus ochoterenae, which mates during the hot-dry season in seasonally dry tropical forest. We rst con rmed the existence of a temporal trade-off between performing push-ups (a territorial behavioral display) versus sheltering in the shade (thermoregulatory behavior), then used con rmatory path analysis to explore how it is affected by vegetation cover, microclimate temperature, and the presence of a conspeci c intruder. We found that territories with less vegetation cover had higher microclimate temperatures, where focal males spent more time performing push-ups at the expense of sheltering in the shade. Focal males also spent more time performing push-ups the longer an intruder was present, who was also affected by the environmental variables. Territorial males spent more time in sunny spots when performing push-ups despite the potential for overheating, perhaps because the display is more effective when performed in the open. The potential effects of continued habitat warming on this trade-off vary widely, including intensifying it, driving lizards to change their daily activity rhythms, and chronic overheating.

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Intra and inter-annual variation in seed rain in a secondary dry tropical forest excluded from chronic disturbance

Cited by 33 publications

References 63 publications

Cacti community structure in a tropical Mexican dry forest under chronic disturbance

Cacti community structure in a tropical Mexican dry forest under chronic disturbance

Restoration as experiment

Temporal trade-off between territorial and thermoregulatory behaviors of a generalist lizard in a dry forest

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