Intra-individual variability across cognitive task in drug-naïve pediatric patients with obsessive compulsive disorder

Okazaki, Kosuke; Yamamuro, Kazuhiko; Iida, Junzo; Ota, Toyosaku; Nakanishi, Yoko; Matsuura, Hiroki; Uratani, Mitsuhiro; Sawada, Satomi; Azechi, Takahiro; Kishimoto, Naoki; Kishimoto, Toshifumi

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.024

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Neuroimaging-based multimodal approaches have led to the conclusion that subtle brain structural changes and functional abnormality are present in OCD ( 15 , 17 , 18 ), with PET studies showing hypermetabolism in the orbital frontal cortex of these patients ( 85 , 97 ). In the context of structural changes in OCD, the value of a decreased amplitude of P300 becomes evident, as reported by several studies ( 28 , 45 , 51 , 54 , 55 , 64 – 68 , 70 , 72 ), similarly to those performed in schizophrenia ( 77 ). The finding of attenuated P300 amplitude has also been considered to be a pattern of genetic endophenotype in OCD ( 75 , 76 ), which has also been confirmed in pediatric studies ( 64 , 68 , 70 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…A significant relationship between ERP abnormalities and severity of OCD symptoms was found in 13 studies ( 44 , 46 – 53 , 55 , 57 , 59 , 64 , 68 – 70 , 72 ). Thus, ERP abnormalities might be considered as a sensitive tool for measuring the biological substrate of OCD severity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Overall, studies reporting a P300 amplitude reduction in OCD are thirteen ( 20 , 28 , 45 , 51 , 54 , 55 , 59 , 64 , 65 , 67 , 68 , 70 , 72 ), including the result of a P300 alteration at the F7 location in patients with functional constipation within a probable OCD ( 65 ). Conversely, we counted eight studies reporting enhanced P300 amplitude in OCD patients compared to normal controls ( 50 , 52 , 58 , 61 – 63 , 66 , 69 ), a finding that was considered as an electrophysiological correlate of an OCD trait and indicating an increased propensity to be aroused ( 50 , 77 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found five articles on P300 in pediatric OCD patients ( 43 , 64 , 68 , 70 , 73 ). Some investigators emphasized that pediatric patients have reduced P300 amplitude ( 64 , 68 , 70 ), altered response time ( 70 ), and partial increase of P300 amplitude after SSRI treatment ( 68 ). The replicated finding of decreased P300 amplitude in OCD children and adolescents and the correlation between illness severity and P300 amplitude led the authors to suggest that this psychophysiological feature might be considered as a sensitive tool for measuring the biological aspects of OCD severity ( 64 , 68 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on P300 in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021

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Neuropsychological studies indicate the presence of cognitive changes in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Indeed, OCD may be included among the dysfunctions of the frontal lobes and their connections with the limbic system, associative cortex, and basal ganglia. P300 is a positive component of the human event-related potential (ERP); it is associated with processes of encoding, identification, and categorization constituting, as a whole, the superior cortical function of information processing. Thus, P300 explores several areas that are implicated in OCD pathophysiology. Our aim is to review all relevant studies on the P300 component of the human ERP in order to recognize any significant central nervous system (CNS) correlate of cognitive dysfunction in OCD. A PubMed-based literature search resulted in 35 articles assessing P300 in OCD and reporting neurophysiological correlates of response inhibition, cortical hyperarousal, and over-focused attention. A decreased P300 amplitude was reported in both adult and pediatric patients, with a trend toward normalization after pharmacological treatment. Source localization studies disclosed an association between P300 abnormalities and the functioning of brain regions involved in the pathophysiology of OCD. Moreover, studies converge on the evidence of neurophysiological dysfunction in the frontal areas with impairment of the normal inhibitory processes in OCD. At least some of these electrophysiological correlates might reflect the obsessive thoughts and compulsions that characterize this disorder. These findings may also support cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) approaches on over-focused attention and inflexibility of compulsive behaviors, which should be associated to pharmacological treatment in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on P300 in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021

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Nucleus Accumbens Stimulation Modulates Inhibitory Control by Right Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2021

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Inhibitory control is considered a compromised cognitive function in obsessive-compulsive (OCD) patients and likely linked to corticostriatal circuitry disturbances. Here, 9 refractory OCD patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) were evaluated to address the dynamic modulations of large-scale cortical network activity involved in inhibitory control after nucleus accumbens (NAc) stimulation and their relationship with cortical thickness. A comparison of DBS “On/Off” states showed that patients committed fewer errors and exhibited increased intraindividual reaction time variability, resulting in improved goal maintenance abilities and proactive inhibitory control. Visual P3 event-related potentials showed increased amplitudes during Go/NoGo performance. Go and NoGo responses increased cortical activation mainly over the right inferior frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus, respectively. Moreover, increased cortical activation in these areas was equally associated with a higher cortical thickness within the prefrontal cortex. These results highlight the critical role of NAc DBS for preferentially modulating the neuronal activity underlying sustained speed responses and inhibitory control in OCD patients and show that it is triggered by reorganizing brain functions to the right prefrontal regions, which may depend on the underlying cortical thinning. Our findings provide updated structural and functional evidence that supports critical dopaminergic-mediated frontal-striatal network interactions in OCD.

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The P300 component of the auditory event-related potential in adult psychiatric and neurologic disorders: a narrative review of clinical and experimental evidence

Raggi,

Serretti,

Ferri

2024

International Clinical Psychopharmacology

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The auditory P300 wave, also known as P3b, is an event-related potential component thought to reflect central information processes involved in stimulus evaluation or categorization. It is typically elicited using the oddball paradigm, which involves mixing low-probability target items with high-probability standard stimuli. Its latency is associated with the timing of cognitive processes such as stimulus evaluation and response preparation, while its amplitude is related to the amount of attentional resources engaged during the task. Despite decades of use in research settings, its application in clinical practice has been limited. Prolongation of latencies and reduction of amplitudes in the auditory P3b have been observed in both psychiatric and neurological conditions. This includes cases where traditional neuropsychological tests are challenging due to severe motor or speech dysfunctions, or in conditions characterized by subtle cognitive deficits. Additionally, specific laterality patterns in psychoses and a loss of P300 habituation in migraines have been described. The wealth of experimental evidence supports the use of this evoked potential, which can be elicited through a relatively simple paradigm, for objectively evaluating cognition in psychiatric and neurological patients, particularly in follow-up assessments. Therefore, the auditory P300 appears to be a valuable tool for monitoring the clinical course of patients with mental and neurological disorders in certain circumstances.

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Intra-individual variability across cognitive task in drug-naïve pediatric patients with obsessive compulsive disorder

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

A Review on P300 in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A Review on P300 in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Nucleus Accumbens Stimulation Modulates Inhibitory Control by Right Prefrontal Cortex Activation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

The P300 component of the auditory event-related potential in adult psychiatric and neurologic disorders: a narrative review of clinical and experimental evidence

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