Intraindividual variability in cortisol: Approaches, illustrations, and recommendations

Segerstrom, Suzanne C.; Sephton, Sandra E.; Westgate, Philip M.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.01.026

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, a single measure of mitochondrial function may not accurately reflect a given person’s average mitochondrial functional capacity. To account for naturally occurring within-person variation in mitochondrial biology, as for other biological markers with high intra-person variation (e.g., cortisol 56 ), our result highlights the importance for future research of repeated-measures designs to capture statistically stable inter-individual differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Therefore, establishing the exact temporal dynamics of leukocyte mitochondrial variations and immunometabolism in general will require repeated assessments with even higher temporal resolution. As for other biological markers with high intra-individual variability (e.g., cortisol 53 ), repeated-measures designs are required to reliably capture stable inter-individual differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial phenotypes in purified human immune cell subtypes and cell mixtures

Rausser

Trumpff

et al. 2020

Preprint

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How mitochondria functionally differ between immune cell subtypes, between the sexes, across ages, and whether they dynamically change over time has not been characterized. Here we deploy a high-throughput mitochondrial phenotyping platform to define cell-type specific mitochondrial features in circulating immune cell subtypes. In women and men spanning four decades of life, we find that mitochondrial content, mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), and respiratory chain enzymatic activities vary by up to 3.5-fold between neutrophils, monocytes, B and T lymphocyte subtypes. Within individuals, mitochondrial content and mtDNAcn, and to a lesser degree respiratory chain function, are strongly correlated with each other across immune cell types, suggesting their systemic harmonization. Moreover, repeated weekly measurements of mitochondrial features in the same individual reveal remarkable variation in mitochondrial content and respiratory chain function over time. This suggests that immune cell mitochondria exhibit dynamic state properties, which we find to be partially correlated with circulating biomarkers. We also define multivariate mitochondrial phenotypes - mitotypes - that distinguish lymphoid from myeloid cell types, naïve-to-memory lymphocyte states, and moderately differ between women and men. Finally, we compare mitochondrial features of purified cell subtypes to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and determine the influence of contaminating platelets and of variable cell type composition. Our results invite caution in using cell type mixtures to infer person-level mitochondrial behavior. Together, these findings identify dynamic cell-type specific variation in mitochondrial biology among circulating leukocytes and provide foundational knowledge to develop interpretable blood-based assays of mitochondrial health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial phenotypes in purified human immune cell subtypes and cell mixtures

Rausser

Trumpff

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Mean CAR AUCi and S1 were calculated across 2 days of sampling. Two days is not enough to capture within-person variability, and therefore the outcomes were collapsed across the 2 days (Segerstrom, Sephton, & Westgate, 2017). Both variables were Winsorized to 3 SD to correct for outliers (two data points for AUCi, three for S1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adversity moderates the influence of proximal episodic stress on the cortisol awakening response and depressive symptoms in adolescents

et al. 2017

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Childhood adversity (CA) is known to predict sensitization to proximal stressors. Researchers have suggested that disruptions in hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal axis functioning may be a biological mechanism. If so, CA may predict altered associations between proximal life stress and markers of cortisol secretion. We examined whether CA moderates associations between recent episodic stress and (a) the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and (b) depressive symptoms, in 241 adolescents aged 14-17 years (cortisol n ¼ 196). Salivary cortisol was sampled at 0, 30, and 60 min postawakening for 2 days. The CAR was calculated as the area under the curve with respect to increase and waking cortisol. CA and episodic stress were assessed using contextual-threat-method-coded objective interviews. CA significantly interacted with episodic stress to predict both the CAR and depression. Among those with low CA, episodic stress predicted increased CAR but did not predict depression. For adolescents with high CA, episodic stress predicted lower CAR and higher depression. These interactions were found only for independent (uncontrollable, fateful) events, and not for dependent (self-generated) stress. Increased allostatic load resulting from CA exposure may interfere with adolescents' ability to optimally regulate their CAR in relation to recent stress, contributing to increased depression risk.

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“… 2 The correlation between the SD of lnHF-HRV and performance might also be confounded by mean vagal control across the conditions, since relationships involving IIV are often driven by the intra-individual average on the same variable (Hultsch et al, 2008 ; Segerstrom et al, 2017 ). Consequently, the mean of condition-level lnHF-HRV values was computed as a covariate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intra-Individual Variability in Vagal Control Is Associated With Response Inhibition Under Stress

Spangler

Gamble

McGinley

et al. 2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Dynamic intra-individual variability (IIV) in cardiac vagal control across multiple situations is believed to contribute to adaptive cognition under stress; however, a dearth of research has empirically tested this notion. To this end, we examined 25 U.S. Army Soldiers (all male, mean age = 30.73, standard deviation (SD) = 7.71) whose high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) was measured during a resting baseline and during three conditions of a shooting task (training, low stress, high stress). Response inhibition was measured as the correct rejection (CR) of friendly targets during the low and high stress conditions. We tested the association between the SD of HF-HRV across all four task conditions (IIV in vagal control) and changes in response inhibition between low and high stress. Greater differences in vagal control between conditions (larger IIV) were associated with higher tonic vagal control during rest, and stronger stress-related decreases in response inhibition. These results suggest that flexibility in vagal control is supported by tonic vagal control, but this flexibility also uniquely relates to adaptive cognition under stress. Findings are consistent with neurobehavioral and dynamical systems theories of vagal function.

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Intraindividual variability in cortisol: Approaches, illustrations, and recommendations

Cited by 25 publications

References 46 publications

Mitochondrial phenotypes in purified human immune cell subtypes and cell mixtures

Mitochondrial phenotypes in purified human immune cell subtypes and cell mixtures

Childhood adversity moderates the influence of proximal episodic stress on the cortisol awakening response and depressive symptoms in adolescents

Intra-Individual Variability in Vagal Control Is Associated With Response Inhibition Under Stress

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